Vector-Borne Diseases and Their Transmission

Flashcards focusing on key vocabulary related to vector-borne diseases and their transmission mechanisms.

Vector-borne diseases

Diseases transmitted to humans through vectors such as insects and ticks.

Transmission factors

Three major factors affecting transmission: number of microorganisms shed, microorganism stability in the environment, and efficiency of infection.

Horizontal transmission

Transmission of pathogens from one person to another, e.g. via respiratory droplets or contact.

Vertical transmission

Transmission of pathogens from parents to offspring, such as in utero or during birth.

Zoonotic diseases

Infectious diseases that are transmissible between animals and humans.

R0 (Basic Reproduction Ratio)

The average number of new infections generated by one infected individual in a completely susceptible population.

Filariasis

A disease caused by a filarial worm, vectored by mosquitoes, leading to lymphatic damage and elephantiasis.

Natural reservoirs

Animals, insects, or environments that harbor pathogens and can transmit them to humans.

Infective stage

The life stage of a parasite or pathogen that can cause infection in a host.

Prevention strategies for vector-borne diseases

Include the use of bed nets, insecticides, sanitation, and vaccination.