presidents

George Washington

1789-1797

Judiciary Act (1789)

French Revolution (1789)

Tariff of 1789

Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

Jay Treaty with England (1794)

Pickney Treaty with Spain (1795)

Farewell Address (1796)

First Bank (1791-1811)

John Adams

1797-1801, Federalist

XYZ Affair (1797)

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

Naturalization Act

“Midnight Judges” (1801)

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (1798)

Thomas Jefferson

1801-1809, Democrat-Republican

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-05)

12th Amendment (1804)

Embargo Act (1807)

Non-Intercourse Act (1809)

James Madison

1809-1817, Democrat-Republican

Macon Act (1810)

“War Hawks” (1811-1812)

War of 1812

Hartford Convention (1814)

First Protective Tariff (1816)

James Monroe

1817-1825, Democrat-Republican

ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS

Marshall Court Decisions: McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

Dartmouth College Case (1819)

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Acquisition of Florida from Spain (Adams Onis Treaty, 1819)

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

“Corrupt Bargain” election, 1824

John Quincy Adams

1825-1829, Democrat-Republican

New York’s Erie Canal

Tariff of Abominations (1828)

Calhoun’s Exposition and Protest (1828)

Andrew Jackson

1829-1837, Democrat

Jacksonian Democracy

Tariffs of 1832 and 1833

Formation of the Whig Party (1832)

Indian Removal Act (1830)

Martin Van Buren

1837-1841, Democrat

overspeculation in land

specie circular, no B.U.S.

unsound financing by state governments

William Henry Harrison

1841, Whig

ANTEBELLUM PERIOD

John Tyler

1841-1845, Anti-Jackson Democrat

Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)

Vetoes Clay’s bill for 3rd B.U.S.

Canadian border at 45th paral

James K. Polk

1845-1849, Democrat

Texas becomes a state (1845)

Oregon boundary settled (1846)

Wilmot Proviso (1846); (failed to pass Senate)

Mexican War (1846-1848)

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

Zachary Taylor

1849-1850, Whig

Millard Fillmore

1850-1853, Whig

Compromise of 1850

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)-Britain and the U.S. agree not to expand in Central America if the canal is built

Uncle Tom’s Cabin is published (1852)

Franklin Pierce

1853-1857, Democrat

Compromise of 1850

Underground Railroad

Bleeding Kansas

Ostend Manifesto (1854)-desire for Cuba, Spain is offered $100,000,000 in Ostend, Belgium, U.S. threatens to take Cuba by force if deal is not made

James Buchanan

1857-1861, Democrat

Taney’s Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

South Carolina secession (1860)

Abraham Lincoln

1861-1865, Republican

Civil War 1861-1865

Homestead Act (1862)

Morill Act-created agricultural colleges

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Ten Percent Plan

Lincoln’s assassination-April 14, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth

Andrew Johnson

1865-1869, Republican

13th Amendment (1865)

14th Amendment (1868)

Amnesty Plan (1865)

Military Reconstruction Plan (1867)

Tenure of Office Act (1868)

Impeachment Trial (1868)

Formation of the KKK

Adoption of Black Codes

Ulysses S. Grant

1869-1877

First Transcontinental Railroad (1869)

15th Amendment (1870)

Tweed Ring

Panic of 1873

Credit Mobilier scandal

Whiskey Ring

Rutherford B. Hayes

1877-1900, Republican

GILDED AGE

Bland-Allison Act-free coinage of silver

Troops withdraw from the South as a result of Compromise 1877

James A. Garfield

1881, Republican

Garfield’s assassination by C. Julius Guiteau

Grover Cleveland

1885-1889, Democrat

Knights of Labor (1886)

Haymarket Riot (1886)

Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

Washburn v. Illinois (1886)

Benjamin Harrison

1889-1893, Republican

Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

Populist Party Platform of 1892

McKinley Tariff (1890)

Grover Cleveland

1893-1897, Democrat

Panic of 1893

Hawaiian Incident (1893)

Venezuelan Boundary Affair (1895)

Pullman Strike (1894)

American Federation of Labor

William McKinley

1897-1901, Republican

New Imperialism

Spanish-American War (April 1898- February 1899)

Open Door Policy (1899)

Boxer Rebellion (1900)

Theodore Roosevelt

1901-1909, Republican

Panama Canal (1903-1914)

“Big Stick” Diplomacy

“Square Deal” 3 C’s-consumer protection, conservationism, control of corps.

Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1904)

Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, Muckrakers (1906)

Trustbusting

William H. Taft

(1909-1913), Republican

16th Amendment (income tax)

“Dollar Diplomacy”

Woodrow Wilson

1913-1921, Democrat

17th, 18th, 19th Amendments

Federal Reserve System (1913)

Federal Trade Commission (1914)

Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)

World War I (1914-1918)

Lusitania-sunk May 1915

Zimmerman telegram

“Fourteen Points” January 1917

Treaty of Versailles (1919-1920)

Calvin Coolidge

ROARING TWENTIES

1923-1929, Republican

Dawes Plan (1924)

Immigration Act of 1924 (National Origins Act)

Herbert Hoover

1929-1933, Republican

National Origins Act (1929)

Panic and Depression Stock Market Crash (1929)

Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)

Bonus Army (marched to D.C. to demand WWI bonus)

20th Amendment (changed inauguration date to Jan. 20th)

Franklin D. Roosevelt

THE NEW DEAL

1933-1945, Democrat

New Deal and “alphabet” government (AAA, CCC, NIRA, SEC, TVA, WPA, Wagner Act, Social Security, etc)

21st Amendment-ends Prohibition (repeals 18th Amendment)

“Court Packing” scheme

World War II-Hitler, Mussolini, Fascism, Spanish Civil War (Franco), Appeasement, Quarantine Speech, Neutrality Acts, Lend-Lease, Destroyer Deal, Pearl Harbor, North Africa, Big Three, Normandy, Yalta (UN, Germany divided), Holocaust, Atlantic Charter, United Nations, Manhattan Project

Harry S. Truman

1945-1953, Democrat

Potsdam Conference (1945)

World War II ends-atomic bomb (Hiroshima, Nagaskai)

1945 Taft-Hartley Act (1947, Congress passes over Truman’s veto)

Truman Doctrine (1947)

Marshall Plan (1947)

Executive Order 9981-desegregation of military (1948)

Berlin Airlift (1948-49)

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or NATO (1949)

Korean War (1950-1953)

“Fair Deal”

Dwight D. Eisenhower

1953-1961, Republican

22nd Amendment

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954)

Beginning of Civil Rights Movement (Montgomery Bus Boycott, Little Rock 9 at Central High School, etc).

Suez Crisis (1956)

Eisenhower Doctrine

Farewell Address-warms U.S. of dependence on “military- industrial complex”

John F. Kennedy

1961-1963, Democrat

Peace Corps

Cuba-Bay of Pigs Invasion (1961)

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

“New Frontier”

Civil Rights Movement (Montgomery March, March on Washington and MLK Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, etc.)

Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty

Lyndon B. Johnson

1963-1969, Democrat

The “Cold War”

Income tax cuts

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Civil Rights Movement (SNCC, Black Pathers, Malcolm X)

Elementary and Secondary Education

“Great Society”, a.k.a. War on Poverty

Medicare

Medicaid

Vietnam War-Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964), Tet Offensive (1968)

Assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and RFK (1968)

Counterculture and hippies

Richard M. Nixon

1969-1974, Republican

“Imperial Presidency”

Moon Landing, July 1969

Warren Burger becomes Chief Justice (1969)

E.P.A. (Environmental Protection Agency) est. 1970

26th Amendment (1971), lowers voting age to 18

Pentagon Papers-Supreme Court to allow NY Times to publish (1971)

Visit to China (1972)

Visit to U.S.S.R. (1972)

SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) 1972

Kissinger “Shuttle Diplomacy” (1973-75)

Vietnam (Bombing of Cambodia, War Powers Act of 1973, Vietnamization, Kent State Massacre-1970)

Wounded Knee, South Dakota (1973)

Watergate Scandal (1973-1974)

Nixon resigns August 19

Gerald Ford

1974-1976, Republican

Nixon pardon

O.P.E.C. crisis (1974)

Jimmy Carter

1977-1981, Democrat

Panama Canal Treaty (1977)

Established diplomatic relations with Communist China, ended recognition of Taiwan

Three Mile Island Incident (nuclear power plant leak)

1979 Egypt and Israel Peace Treaty (Camp David Accords)

1979 Iran Hostage Crisis (1979); rescue attempt failed

Seizure of Afghanistan by Soviets (1979)

“Stagflation”

Energy Crisis

Boycott of 1980 Moscow Olympics to protest Afghanistan invasion

Ronald Reagan

1981-1989, Republican

Hostages released from Iran

Failed assassination attempt of Reagan (1981)

Nicaragua and the Contras (1984)

Strategic Defense Initiative, a.k.a. “Star Wars”

Sandra Day O’Connor appointed to the Supreme Court (1st Woman)

“Supply Side Economics,” tax cuts

Rise of Religious Rights

Iran Contra Hearings, Oliver North (1987)