3.2

The infinitesimal work done by a gas during a volume change is defined as _.

dW = p \, dV

The formula for the net work done by a system during a finite volume change is _.

W = \int{V{1}}^{V_{2}} p \, dV

A process that occurs in infinitesimally small steps, keeping the system in thermal equilibrium is called _.

A quasi-static process.

On a pV diagram, the work done by a gas is represented by _.

The area under the curve of the pV graph.

The work done by a system is _.

path-dependent.

The sign of work when a gas expands is _.

Positive (W > 0).

The sign of work when a gas is compressed is _.

Negative (W < 0).

The amount of work done during a constant-volume process is _.

0, because dV = 0.

The definition of internal energy is _.

The sum of the mechanical energies of all molecules within the system.

Types of energy contributing to the internal energy of a molecule include _.

Translational, rotational, vibrational kinetic energy, and potential energy.

For an ideal monatomic gas, the internal energy consists of _.

Only translational kinetic energy.

The formula for the internal energy of n moles of an ideal monatomic gas is _.

E_{int} = \frac{3}{2} nRT

The internal energy of an ideal monatomic gas depends on _.

Temperature.