Teas 7 Reading Study Guide

Order of writing process

1. Prewriting
2. Drafting
3. Revising
4. Editing
5. Publishing

stream of consciousness technique

record all ideas related to a topic as they come to one's mind, start writing without stopping to think about what you’re going to write

mind mapping

refers to the graphic representation of related ideas around central concept, visual map of your ideas

Venn Diagram

compare and contrast

journaling

The process of writing out thoughts and emotions on a regular basis.

the purpose of citation

to give credit to a source

revision

the flow sentences can be imporved

formal writing

for adressing a superior in a school or work environment

business letters, textbooks, and newspaper

informal writing

appropriate for private letters, personal emails, and business correspondence between close associates

expository writing

to explain a concept, step in a process, or idea

(definitions, examples)

what is the purpose of writing an outline

helps writer create a draft

simple subject

the main word or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is about

use of semicolon

To separate independent clauses not connected by a coordinating conjunction (and, but,

transition words

Words and devices that bring unity and coherence to a piece of writing.

Examples: however, in addition, and on the other hand.

homophones

same sound, different meaning or spelling

-bearing/baring
-cite/sight/site

homographs

same spelling, different meaning or sound

-tear/tear
-park/park

what punctuation fits best?

You are right___we should go with your plan.

semicolon

what punctuation fits best?

Bob caught three fish___and I caught two fish.

comma

colons

must come after a complete ind. clause

used to call attention to the words that follow it

ex- He started with an idea: "We are able to do more than we imagine."

affect (n)

feeling, emotion, or mood that is displayed

- The patient had a flat affect

affect (v)

to alter, to change, to influence

- The sunshine affects the plant's growth

effect (n)

result, consequence

- what effect will this weather have on our schedule

effect (v)

to bring about, to cause to be

- These new rules with effect order in the office

declarative sentence

gives information or makes a statement

imperative sentence

sentence used to command or enjoin

adjective

A word that describes a noun

which one? what kind? how many?

articles

Three adjectives are articles: "a", "an", and "the". The two indefinite articles are "a" and "an", because when you use them, you are describing a noun or pronoun that is "indefinite", or one of many. When you use "the", you are describing a specific noun or a "definite" one.

adverb

A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

when? where? how? why?

preposition

A word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word

in, around, beneath, among

conjunction

A word used to join words or groups of words

coordinating conjunction

FANBOYS=for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

correlative conjunction

EITHER/OR, NEITHER/NOR, BOTH/AND join pairs of ideas

Subordinating Conjunctions

if, as, since, when, because

general nouns

Names of conditions or ideas

collective nouns

name a group of people or things

pronouns

Replaces a noun. Examples: I, he, she, they, it, his

relative pronouns

who, whom, whose, which, that

interrogative pronoun

pronoun that asks a question; examples: who, whom, whose, what, which

demonstrative pronoun

this, that, these, those

indefinite pronoun

all, any, each, everyone, either/neither, one, some, several

reciprocal pronoun

each other, one another

transitive verb

action indicates a receiver

-she PLAYS the piano

intransitive verb

does not have a direct object

- He SLEPT

action verb

shows action

- He SINGS

linking verb

links two words together

- i AM John

complete subject

includes all of the words in the subject of a sentence.

-the small, red car is the one he wants for christmas.

predicates

explains or describes the subject

-John and Jane SING ON TUESDAY NIGHTS AT THE DANCE HALL

direct object

a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb

- I took the BLANKET

indirect object

a word in the predicate that tells to whom or for whom something is done

- We taught THE OLD DOG a new trick

antecedent

the noun that the pronoun replaces

adjective clause

a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun

prepositional phrase

A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.

- The picnic is ON THE BLANKET

verbal

word formed from a verb but acting as a noun, adjective, or adverb

-WALK a mile a day

participle

A verb form that can be used as an adjective

-dance/dancing/danced

participle phrase

a phrase containing a participle and any modifiers or complements

-SHIPWRECKED ON AN ISLAND, the boys started to fish for food

gerund

A verb form ending in -ing that is used as a noun

- teachING

interrogative sentence

A sentence that asks a question

simple sentence

one independent clause and no dependent

compound sentence

two or more independent clauses with no dependent clause

complex sentence

ind. clause + dep. clause

-Although he had the flu, Harry went to work

compound complex sentence

at least 2 independent clauses and at least 1 dependent clause

- John is my friend, who went to India, and he brought back the souveniers

dangling modifier

a word or phrase that modifies a word not clearly stated in the sentence

cliches

overused expressions

jargon

used among peers of a trade or profession

- He is going to TOENAIL to these frames for us

slang

informal language

- Yes, that party was a BLAST

Collolquialism

word or phrase that is found in informal writing

WIll be familiar to a greater range of people

- Can YALL come back another time

1st person point of view

I, me, we

2nd person point of view

you

3rd person point of view

narrator is NOT involved in the story; uses "he," "she," "they

most common POV

methods of developing paragraphs

illustrations

analogies

cause and effect

narration paragraph

tells a story by presenting events in chronological (time) order. Most narratives move in an orderly sequence from beginning to end, from first event to last

descriptive paragraph

makes a verbal portrait of a person, place, or thing

-sight, sound, smells, taste, touch

process paragraph

related time order

-first, you open up the bottle. Second, you pour the liquid

elements of the writing process

brainstorming
free writing
planning
drafting

brainstorming

used to help groups generate multiple ideas and alternatives for solving problems

with a paper and pen, write every thought you have about the topic in a word or phrase

free writing

the more structured form of brainstorming

take a limited amount of time to write everything that comes to mind about a topic

planning

process of organizing a piece of writing before composing a draft

creating an outline

identify the topics, main ideas, and the general organization of the composition

drafting

using plan, outline, or graphic organizer to compose their first draft

revising

first and broadest
adresses an appropriate audienc, includes all necessary material,. maintains focus throughout, and is organized locally

editing

The process of updating a document to make changes, correct errors, and make it visually appealing

proofreading

Correcting grammar, spelling, and punctuation

recusing writing process

revist steps after completeing other steps

circumfexes

add parts before and after words

ex- enlighten

en-
-en

interfixes

compound words via central affixes

speed+meter- speedometer

interfix is -o-