phlebotomy practice questions

 Concerning personal protective equipment used for phlebotomy, which of these is correct?

 Non-sterile gloves are indicated.

Which of these is the appropriate time to label tubes?

After venipuncture

All these are components of standard precautions except:

Hepatitis B vaccination for exposure to bloodborne pathogens

Concerning disinfectants, which of these is correct?

They are chemical substances used for non-living materials.

All these are principles of hand hygiene except:

Use of hand rubs for soiled hands

Hand hygiene is appropriate for all these conditions except:

Before using the toilet

Which of these is not a principle of emergency resuscitation?

Elimination

All these are guidelines related to CLIA-waived tests except:

They must be done only at a point-of-care center.

Which of these is incorrect about universal precautions?

 They are used for all infectious body fluids, including non-intact skin and mucous membranes

Which of these best describes work practice controls?

They are protocols used to reduce the risk of exposure to biohazards by altering the way tasks are performed.

Which of these best defines the term bloodborne pathogens?

They are infectious microbes that are present in the blood and other body fluids and can cause disease in affected workers.

 Which of these diseases requires the observance of contact, droplet, and airborne precautions? 

SARS

Which of these is the most appropriate way to dispose of a needle and syringe used for a venipuncture?

Discard both the uncapped needle and syringe in the sharps container immediately after use.

According to the NHA's Code of Ethics, the phlebotomist is expected to do all these except

Create and distribute a patient's health information.

An incident reporting system should contain all this information except

 The employee's medical history

Workplace safety is governed by which of these bodies?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

In wearing PPE for a patient with SARS, which of these is the correct order?

Gown, mask, gloves

To reduce the chances of needlestick injuries when performing a venipuncture on a pediatric patient, which of these is appropriate?

Immobilize the patient with help from an assistant

Which of these statements is false concerning venipuncture on a patient with anxiety?

If the patient becomes increasingly anxious during the procedure, the phlebotomist should use physical restraint.

Which of these is not an advantage of using a straight needle?

It is ideal for fragile and tiny veins.

Which of these is not an advantage of a single butterfly needle?

It is cost-effective.

Which of these is correct about the size 16G needle?

It has an outer diameter of 1.60mm.

Which of these is correct about the 21G needle?

It has a green hub.

Which of these is correct about the 25G needle?

 It has an orange hub

Which of these needles has less risk for hemolyzing blood samples and causing nerve pain?

21G

Which of these statements is correct about the lavender-top tube?

It is suitable for malaria screening.

Which of these is true about the royal-blue-top tube?

It is used for trace elements

Which of these tubes is used for pediatric ESR?

Black-top tube

Which of these is correct about the dark-green-top tube?

 It can be used for calcium studies.

Which of these is correct about the red-top tube?

It is used for blood alcohol levels

Which of these is correct about the gold-top tube?

It should be inverted 5 to 10 times.

Which of these is correct about the light-blue-top tube?

 It should be inverted three to four times.

Which of these tests is not compatible with the dark-green-top tube?

Oral glucose tolerance test

Which of these is false about bandage procedures and considerations?

Patients with arterial punctures may need a bandage for at least 30 minutes.

A blood pregnancy test is handled by which of these laboratory departments?

Chemistry

Which of these best describes the significance of midstream urine?

 This urine is obtained from the bladder.

All these can be analyzed in a dipstick urinalysis except:

Urinary sodium

All these are problems of an underfilled sample tube except:

 Increased clotting time

According to NCCLS guidelines, what is the blood-to-anticoagulant ratio for coagulation studies?

 9:1

Which of these is correct concerning the EDTA additive?

 It is not suitable for iron studies.

Which of these is correct about the heparin additive?

It is the best anticoagulant for chemical studies.

Which of these is correct about the sodium citrate additive?

It can be used for erythrocyte sedimentation rates.

Which of these is correct about the sodium fluoride additive?

 It is used for plasma glucose samples.

Which of these is false concerning the potassium oxalate additive?

 It is used at a concentration of 3mg/ml.

Which of these phenomena is true about phlebotomy done on a standing patient?

A shift of fluids into the interstitial space

Which of these areas are suitable for venipuncture?

The arm on the contralateral side of a mastectomy

Which of these tips is not useful for a phlebotomist who has to perform a venipuncture on an arm with an intravenous line?

Use a tourniquet above the IV site.

Which of these is incorrect about an arterial blood sample?

It can be obtained from a heel prick.

Which of these is not a great vessel of the heart?

Coronary artery

Which of these vessels drains blood from the head, neck, upper limbs, and chest directly into the heart?

Superior vena cava

Which layer of the blood vessel is responsible for controlling blood pressure and volume?

Tunica media

Which of these is not a component of the pulmonary circulation?

Left ventricle

Which of these is false about the systemic circulation?

 It involves the right side of the heart.

What layer of a blood vessel is covered with dense connective tissue that keeps it anchored to its surrounding structures?

Tunica adventitia

Which of these is not a component of the primary hemostatic process?

 Formation of fibrin

Which of these is not a component of hemostasis?

Movement of fluid between the interstitial, intracellular, and intravascular space

Which of these is correct about the intrinsic pathway?

 It depends on factors IX, XI, XII.

Which of these is false about the extrinsic pathway?

It depends on factors IX, XI, XII.

Which of these is false about the coagulation process?

 Conversion of fibrin to fibrinogen

Which of these is false about clotting factors?

They are proteins found in the serum.

Which of these bleeding disorders is caused by a deficiency of clotting factors?

Hemophilia

Which of these is not a case of prolonged bleeding time?

Thrombophilia

What is the normal range of platelets in a healthy adult?

150,000 to 450,000/mcL

What is the normal bleeding time in an adult who is not on anticoagulant therapy?

2 to 7 minutes

Which of these is incorrect about a dipstick urinalysis?

Its components include gravity, clarity, and color.

 Which of these is a critical value for bicarbonate?

9 mEq/L

Which of these is a critical value for carbon dioxide?

65 mmHg

Which of these tubes is used for collecting a sample for blood bank services?

Lavender-top tube

Which of these tubes contains thrombin that is used for STAT serum tests?

Orange-top tube

Which of these guidelines is not useful to the health care worker who has just had a needle prick injury during a venipuncture?

 Swab the puncture site with chlorhexidine.

Which of these is not a part of a syringe?

Port

A phlebotomist just noticed he collected an inadequate blood sample from a patient. If the patient has left, which of these actions is appropriate?

Transport the sample to the lab.

Which of these guidelines is not useful for the collection of blood for coagulation studies?

Protect the sample from direct sunlight.

Which of these analytes decreases during exercise?

Insulin

Which of these is not useful in preventing the formation of clots?

Thrombin

What are the physiologic circulations of the heart?

The pulmonary and systemic circulation

Which test is used to assess the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade?

Prothrombin time

Which test is used to assess the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade?

 Partial thromboplastin time

Which of these is false concerning cold agglutinins?

Blood samples must be stored in the refrigerator.

Which of these test samples is not sensitive to light?

Complete blood count

What tube is used to collect blood to screen a patient with suspected sickle cell anemia?

 Lavender-top tube

Which of these is false about sample collection in a light-blue-top tube?

 The tube must be inverted eight times.

Which of these is correct about the M shape of veins?

It is made up of the median cephalic and median cubital veins.

In the M-shaped pattern of veins, which of these is the most preferred vein for venipuncture?

The median branch of the antebrachial vein

Which of these factors makes the median branch of the basilic vein the least preferable vein for venipuncture in the M-shaped pattern of veins?

It is very painful to puncture.

 Which of these veins is readily palpable in obese patients?

The cephalic vein

Which of these is false about the veins of the forearm and hand?

They have a higher risk of hematoma and embolism.

What vascular system disorder is characterized by a bulging and dilatation of an arterial wall?

Aneurysm

What vascular system disorder is characterized by stiffness of the blood vessels caused by an accumulation of plaque?

Arteriosclerosis

 Which of these is not a special consideration for a geriatric patient?

Petechiae

Which of these is not a special consideration of a pediatric patient?

Neonatal jaundice

Which of these is false about the anatomy of the heart?

The layers of the heart include the pericardium, the epicardium, and the endocardium.

Which of these is correct about the endocardium of the heart?

Its endothelium is connected to the endothelium of the blood vessels.

Which of these is correct about the myocardium?

It is the thickest part of the heart.

Which of these prevents the heart from over-expanding?

The pericardium

Which area of the heart contains a specialized group of cells with a synchronized contractile quality?

Myocardium

Which of these is incorrect about the left atrium?

It receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary arteries.

Which of these is correct about the right atrium?

 It receives deoxygenated blood via the superior and inferior venae cavae.

Which of these is false about the pulmonary veins?

They connect the right ventricle to the lungs.

Which of these is correct about the aorta?

 It is the largest artery in the body.