Political Parties and U.S. Democracy

Flashcards covering key concepts and terms related to political parties in the context of U.S. democracy, based on the lecture notes.

Political parties

Groups of citizens united by common ideas and interests who seek control of government to promote those ideas.

Interest groups

Organizations that seek to influence public policy but do not run candidates for office.

Factions

Groups formed by individuals with shared interests, a concern highlighted by James Madison in Federalist No. 10.

Critical Elections

Elections that signal a realignment in party support and voter coalitions.

Party Realignment

A major shift in party support and voter coalitions, often linked to significant events.

Incumbency Advantage

The benefits current officeholders have, such as high name recognition and easier fundraising.

Open Primary

A primary election in which any voter can participate, but they must choose a single party.

Closed Primary

A primary election restricted to registered party members only.

Partisanship

Strong loyalty to a political party.

Polarization

The process where political parties become more ideologically divided, leading to less compromise.

Third Parties

Minor political parties that compete with the two major parties, often introducing new ideas and highlighting neglected issues.

Electioneering

The process of recruiting, nominating, and electing candidates, managed by party organizations.

Party Identification

A voter’s psychological attachment to a political party.

Party Base

The strong, loyal supporters of a political party.

Winnable Races

Races in which parties focus their resources on competitive seats.

Campaign Finance

The funding of electoral campaigns, which has increased significantly in recent years.

Ballot Access Laws

Regulations that control how third parties can appear on election ballots.

Election vs Governing

Election refers to getting elected, while governing is about making policies.