10 Semester Religion

Apostolate

The work of the Laity toward the building up of the Church through efforts that evangelize, educate or serve the needs of others

Apostolic Succession

Used to describe the lineage of the Catholic bishops and Pope through the ages, directly leading back to the 12 apostles.

Catholic

universal - refers to the fact that the church is universal

Church

The people of God, united in Christ through baptism and a common profession of faith

Church Militant

The Church on Earth

Church Penitent

The Church in Purgatory

Church Triumphant

The Church in Heaven

Common Priesthood

priesthood of all the faithful by virtue of baptism and confirmation

Conclave

Gathering of cardinals to elect a pope.

contrition

Sorrow of the soul and hatred for the sin committed, together with a resolution not to sin again.

Crusades

War- pilgrimages proclaimed by the Pope on Christ's behalf for the recovery of Christian territories

Diocese

A portion of the People of God that is entrusted to a bishop to be nurtured by him

Eucharist

A Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine.

evangelical counsels

Practice of poverty, chastity, and obedience

Evangelization

The preaching or spreading of the Gospel

Great Schism

Split between eastern and western Christianity (1054)

Great Commission

The mission Jesus gave his apostles to spread the gospel to all nations

Great Commission (Actual verse)

Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you until the end of the age.

Heresy

The refusal to accept one or more truths of the Faith which are required for Catholic belief.

hierarchy

The order of teaching authority in the Church, given such authority by Christ himself, with the Pope as its head, followed by bishops, priests, and deacons

Indulgence

the remission of the temporal punishment or Purgatory "time" due to sins that have already been forgiven by compleition of prayer and actions as defined by the Church

Infallibility

An inability to make errors

Islam

People chosen by God in the Old Testament

Keys of the Kingdom

sign of authority given by Christ to peter

Magisterium

The official teaching authority of the church

Martyr

one who suffers or sacrifices for the faith

Ministerial Priesthood

The priesthood of those who have received Holy Orders, which is at the service of all the faithful.

Monasticism

A way of life lived in community and defined by prayer, seclusion and Rule of life

Ordination

Making someone a priest, bishop or deacon by the sacrament of holy orders

Papacy

The office of Pope in the Catholic Church.

Penace

The particular prayer or acts assigned to the priest as satisfaction for the sins confessed

Pentecost

The descent of the Holy Spirit, in the form of a rushing wind and tongues of fire, upon the Apostles after Jesus' Ascension.

Pilgrimage

A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes or associated with someone/thing sacred

Pope

Successor of St. Peter; Bishop of Rome; Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church.

Protoevangelium

A term that means "the first gospel," which is found in Genesis 3:15, when God revealed he would send a Savior to redeem the world from its sins.

Qahal

Hebrew for "assembly"

Relic

A piece of a saint's body/ item they owned or item touched to their tomb

Rock (Peter)

Peter was known as this because he is the foundation for the Church

Sacrament

A visible, tangible, effacatious sign instituted by Christ and intrusted to the Church to give grace

Sacred Tradition

Church's teachings that have been handed on through the ages by the successors of the Apostles

Salvation History

The story of God's saving action in human history

Separated Brethren

Persons who were born into schismatic communities and cannot be considered guilty of the sin separation

State of Life

A general category of Christian living, used in reference to the clerical, consecrated, and married life.

Temporal

not eternal

Theocentric

God centered

Transubstantiation

Describes how the bread and wine change substance into the Body and Blood of Christ while keeping the apperance of bread and wine.

Vicar of Christ

Term used for the Pope that emphasizes his role as a representative of Christ himself

Vocation

A call from God to all members of the Church to embrace a life of holiness.

Bishop of Rome

The Pope - Sucessor of Peter

cardinal

A bishop or archbishop who has been selected by a Pope to become part of the College of Cardinals and thus an adviser.

Clergy

The faithful of the Church who have received the Sacrament of Holy Orders; that is, bishops, priests, and deacons.

Constantine

Good leader who stopped persecution of Christans

Deacon

(assists Priests and Bishops)

an ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest

Dominicans

Founded by Saint Dominic.

Part of the mendicant orders

Emperor Nero

Cruel Tyrant who blammed Christians

Franciscans

founded by St. Francis; Part of the mendicant orders

Jesuits

Religious order (started by Ignatius of Layota) was involved in many of Church's missionary efforts in 1500's-1700's

King Henry VIII

Started the Anglican Church because he wasn't granted a divorce. Was excommunicated by the Pope.

had 6 wives

Laity

All the faithful who are not apart of the clergy who carry out the mission of the Church and the world

Martin Luther

95 Thesis, led Protestant reformation

Mary

Mother of Jesus

Matthias

The disciple chosen to replace Judas as one of the Twelve

Pope Francis

He is the current Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church

St. Benedict

Father of Western Monasticism

St. John the Apostle

Only apostle not martyred, though he exiled to the island of Patmos; wrote book of Revelation, 3 epistles, a Gospel, and a Gospel, known as "beloved disciple"

St. Paul

Used to persecute Chritians but had a converison and became a great evangelizer - beheaded in Rome

St. Peter

First Pope, Previously named Simon, means "rock"" - crucified upside down

St. Stephen

First Christian martyr

St. Thomas More

beheaded for refusing to accept King Henry VIII as head of the Church

How is the church a Body of Christ

United in the sacrament of the Eucharist as members

(different people like body parts - work together to form something great)

How is the church a Bride of Christ

Church is marred to Jesus and shows us how to be with our spouses

How is the church a Family of God

We are children of God the Father through baptism

How is the church a hospital for sinners

Church helps the members to become holy

How is the Church the Kingdom of God?

Because it confesses and proclaims the Lord Jesus Christ

How is the Church a Pilgrim ChurchWhat ww

She is on a journey to Heaven

Which religion is considered a foundation for Chritsanity

Judaism

How do we know that Jesus wanted to start a Church and not just have us follow Him individually?

- emphasis on community, never sends out apostles alone, gave us struture for leadership and future leaders

"Go out and baptize all nations"

What 4 things did the early church dedicate themselves to?

prayers, communal life, Eucharist, fellowship

First Church Council

Council of Jerusalem

What question was discussed at the Council of Jersusalem

The need for circumcision for Gentiles

Who did the apsotles appoint to help them in their ministry

Deacons and Priests

How were epistles used in the early Church?

gave advice to growing Christian communities or individuals and often were responses to other letters

How did the Scripture develop in the early Church

Bible wasn't fully assembled in the early Church but Church fathers and councils slowly put it together to the Bible we know today

How was baptism practiced in the early Church and how did the practice develop overtime?

Baptism was done normally in private and only for adults and now it is done freely, anyone can be baptized and infant baptism is avaible.

What were the catacombs?

Burial placed for Christans - dedicated to martyers

2 purposes of the Mass

praised and glorify God

Save the world

How did worship orginally take place and how did it develop over time?

Took place in peoples homes and now it is more open and done in Churches

What days were/are days of fasting in the Church

Wednesday and Friday

How did the early Church view the Eucharist

Saw the Eucharist as the real presence of Jesus

How did the early church view wealth

It was a gift from God that should be shared

Whose writings are espeically helpful in providing insight into the life of the early Church

Writings from the Church Fathers

Who helped evangelize the Germanic tribes?

St. Benedict and the Monks

What was the Protestant Reformation?

Movement by people who PROTESTED and wanted to reform the Roman Catholic Church

key protestant beliefs

- Sola Scriptura