10 - Histomorpholoy of dental pulp . Pulp layers, physiology and functions of pulp: characteristics of the pulp in primary and permanent teeth in childhood

what are the pulpal layers?

POP

• peripheral zone

• pulp core

• odontoblastic layer

POP

describe the peripheral zone

• occupies periphery of both the coronal and radicular zones 

• Consists of:

1. a layer of odontoblastic cells located immediately below the dentin 

2. cell-free zone located below the odontoblasts or also called Weil’s cell-free layer

3. cell-rich zone 

4. parietal nerve layer or Rashkov’s nerve plexus 

• Peripheral zone is also called odontogenic, because it contains the cells odontoblasts, which build dentin 

• Acellular layer of Weil serves as a reservoir of nutrients required for odontoblast function. The cell-rich layer contains densely packed cells - mainly fibroblasts 

How do odontoblasts obtain the nutrients required for its function?

• Acellular layer of Weil serves as a reservoir of nutrients required for odontoblast function. The cell-rich layer contains densely packed cells - mainly fibroblasts 

what is the peripheral zone also known as and why?

• Peripheral zone is also called odontogenic, because it contains the cells odontoblasts, which build dentin 

describe the pulp core

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• the central pulp areas contains:

• cells

• fibers

• blood vessels

• nerves

• lymph

• intercellular substances

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describe the odontoblastic layer

• outermost layer of pulp, adjacent to dentin

• contains odontoblasts, which are responsible for dentin formation

• These cells extend their processes into the dentinal tubules, contributing to the maintenance and repair of dentin

Physiology of odontoblastic layer

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1. Embryonic period

• begins from moment of initiation of tooth germ and ends several years after the eruption of the tooth with the completion of its root development

2. Functional period

• period begins after completion of root development and closure of the apex. The dental pulp has active exchange and protection

3. Regressive period

• with advancing age, the volume of dental pulp decreases due to formation of secondary dentin

pulp tissue becomes fibrous due to the continuous formation of fibers 

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when does pulp tissue become fibrous ?

• due to continuous formation of fibers 

function of odontoblastic layer

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• inductive - induces the cells producing dentin and enamel organ 

• formative 

• nutritive 

• protective  - sensory nerves respond with pain b 

• defensive - responds to irritation by producing reparative dentin 

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characteristics of pulp in primary and permanent teeth in childhood

• large pulp chamber and root canal

• more fragile, disease gets complicated more quickly

• better trophicity - protection

• better sensory and regenerative functions