Bone Structure & Function

Introduction to The Skeletal System 1

what are the 4 things bone tissue is made off?

collagen fibres, elastin fibres, ground substance and minerals

what do osteoblasts do

build bone

what hormone does the osteoblast respond to

parathyroid

what do osteoblasts synthesis

osteoid

what is the function of a osteocyte

maintain bone

what is the function of a osteoclast

remove old damaged bone

what two proteins are found in the bone matrix

proteoglycans and glycoproteins

what is the final step in bone formation

bone mineralization

what is the dense strong type of bone called

compact bone

What is the light porous bone called

spongy bone

what bone tissue has double layers of connective tissue

periosteum

how many bones in the axial skeleton

80

how many bones in the appendicular skeleton

126

what type of bone is the femur or humorous

long bone

what type of bone is the ribs + scapulae 

flat bone

what type of bone is the wrist

short bone

classification of bones by shape (long) include the 6

diaphysis, metaphysis, epiphysis, epiphyseal plate, medullary cavity, endosteum

what is the epiphyseal plate

A cartilaginous growth plate

what do chondroblasts do

make cartilage

what happens at puberty

accelaterted cartilage production

What happens after puberty

growth plates close

by adulthood

epiphysis and metaphysis

What are the 3 steps in bone formation

activation, resorption, formation

what happens when there is too much breakdown of bones

weak bones - osteoporosis

when happens when their is too much formation of bone

bone spurs

example of poor mineralisation

rickets

what makes stronger bone

weight bearing activity

what are the three first stages of bone repair

hematoma, soft callus, hard callus

what are the last two healing stages

bone replaces callus and remodelling