The Skin

The vital functions of the integumentary system are:

protection from pathogens, balancing fluid levels, storing fat for energy supply, providing sensory information, regulating body temperature, producing vitamin D

Skin weighs ___ pounds and covers ___ square feet

20, 21

Epidermis

the outer layer of the skin made up of 5 layers of stratified squamous epithelium

The main layers of the skin are:

The Epidermis, Dermis, and Subcutaneous fascia/Hypodermis

Stratum corneum

the outermost layer of the epidermis comprised of dead skin cells

Stratum basale

layer of the epidermis where new cells are born

You shed _______ cells a day

500 million

Melanocytes

specialized cells located deep in the epidermis responsible for skin color

Variations in skin color are determined by the ____

Amount of melanin produced and how it is distributed

Carotene

gives a yellow hue to the skin

Hemoglobin

gives a pink hue to the skin

Dermis/Corium

The layer immediately below the epidermis

The dermis contains:

capillaries, collagenous fibers, involuntary muscles, nerve endings, lymph vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

dermal papillae

small projections on the surface of the dermis that anchors it to the epidermal layer and creates fingerprints

The _____ layer allows you to sense what is happening in your environment

Dermis

tugor

the ability of the skin to return back to normal after being deformed.

The dermis contains two main types of sudoriferous(sweat) glands. ______ and _______

apocrine and eccrine glands

apocrine glands

secretes sweat from the hair follicles in the groin, anal, armpits. Becomes active during puberty and is yellow and smelly

eccrine glands

found all over the skin and regulates body temperature

Sebaceous glands

found in hair covered areas and produces sebum that keeps the skin from drying out and destroys some pathogens

Subcutaneous Fascia/Hypodermis

the deepest layer of the skin composed of adipose tissue.

lipocytes

fat cells that produce the fat needed to protect the deeper tissues of the body