Lab Practical #2 - Knee, Hip, and Thigh Muscles (Identification, Origin, Insertion, and Action)

Semitendinosus

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Semitendinosus origin

ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus insertion

Poseteromedial portion of the tibias medial condyle

Semitendinosus action

At the hip, it extends the thigh. At the knee, it flexes the leg and also medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed

Semimembranosus

Semimembranosus origin

ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus insertion

Medial portion of the tibial flare

Semimembranosus action

At the hip, it extends the thigh. At the knee, it flexes the leg and also medially rotates the leg when the knee is flexed

Biceps femoris

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Biceps femoris origin

long head: ischial tuberosity

short head: linea aspera

Biceps femoris insertion

lateral head of the fibula

Biceps femoris action

flexion at knee, extension and lateral rotation at hip

Popliteus

Popliteus origin

lateral femoral condyle

Popliteus insertion

Posterior surface of the anteromedial tibial flare

popliteus action

open chain: internal tibial rotation, knee flexion

closed chain: external femoral rotation

Rectus femoris

Rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum

Rectus femoris insertion

patella and tibial tuberosity

Rectus femoris action

hip flexion, knee extension

Vastus lateralis

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vastus lateralis origin

greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera

vastus lateralis insertion

via common tendinosus at the base of the patella

vastus lateralis action

extends knee

vastus intermedius

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vastus intermedius origin

anterior and lateral shaft of femur

vastus intermedius insertion

via common tendinosus at the base of the patella

vastus intermedius action

extends knee

vastus medialis

vastus medialis origin

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

vastus medialis insertion

via common tendinosus at the base of the patella

vastus medialis action

extends knee

Iliopsoas

Iliopsoas origin

psoas major: sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs between them; transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

Psoas minor: sides of T12-L1

iliopsoas insertion

Psoas major: lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas minor: pectineal line and illiopubic eminence

Iliopsoas action

hip flexion and lateral/external rotation

tensor fasciae latae

tensor fasciae latae origin

iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine

tensor fasciae latae insertion

iliotibial tract which attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia

tensor fasciae latae action

flexes, abducts, and medially rotates hip

Sartorius

sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius insertion

proximal end of tibia below the medial condyle

sartorius action

flexes, abducts, and externally rotates hip/thigh; flexes leg at knee

Gluteus minimus

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gluteus minimus origin

external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus insertion

anterior surface of greater trochanter

gluteus minimus action

abducts and medially rotates thigh

gluteus medius

gluteus medius origin

ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line

gluteus medius insertion

lateral surface of greater trochanter

gluteus medius action

abducts and medially rotates thigh

gluteus maximus

gluteus maximus origin

dorsal surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx

gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract into lateral condyle of tibia

gluteus maximus action

extends hip and assists in external rotation

Adductor magnus

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adductor magnus origin

Inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus insertion

Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur

adductor magnus action

adducts hip

adductor brevis

adductor brevis origin

body and inferior ramus of pubis

adductor brevis insertion

pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

adductor brevis action

adducts hip

adductor longus

adductor longus origin

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

adductor longus insertion

middle 1/3 of linea aspera

adductor longus action

adducts hip

pectineus

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pectineus origin

superior ramus of pubis

pectineus insertion

pectineal line of femur

pectineus action

adducts hip

gracilis

gracilis origin

body and inferior ramus of pubis

gracilis insertion

superior part of medial surface of tibia

gracilis action

adducts hip

gemellus superior

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gemellus superior origin

ischial spine

gemellus superior insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter

gemellus superior action

external rotation of hip

gemellus inferior

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gemellus inferior origin

ischial tuberosity

gemellus inferior insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter

gemellus inferior action

external rotation of hip

piriformis

piriformis origin

pelvic surface of S2-S4; superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament

piriformis insertion

greater trochanter of femur

piriformis action

external rotation of hip

quadratus femoris

quadratus femoris origin

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris insertion

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest

quadratus femoris action

external rotation of hip