Functional Anatomy of the Small and Large Intestines

These flashcards cover essential concepts from the lecture on the functional anatomy of the small and large intestines, aiming to enhance understanding and retention for exam preparation.

What is the length of the small intestine?

The small intestine is about 6-7 meters long.

What are the two main parts of the small intestine?

Jejunum and Ileum.

What is the appearance and function of Plicae circulares in the small intestine?

They are the mucosal folds that increase the absorption surface area by 400%.

What is the role of the mesentery?

The mesentery serves as the root for the jejunum and ileum, containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics.

How does the large intestine differ from the small intestine in terms of mucosal structure?

The large intestine has a flat tunica mucosa with no circular folds or villi.

What are the six segments of the large intestine?

Caecum, Colon ascendens, Colon transversum, Colon descendens, Colon sigmoideum, and Rectum.

What is McBurney point?

It is located between the lateral third and medial two-thirds of the right spino-umbilical line, associated with appendicitis.

Where do the sympathetic nerves for the colon arise?

From the Plexus mesentericus superior and inferior.

What is the significance of the Cannon-Bohm point?

It marks the limit of parasympathetic innervation between the colon and the rectum.

What arteries supply blood to the large intestine?

Arteria mesenterica superior and inferior, including branches like Arteria colica dextra, media, and sinistra.