bio final

A hypothesis-

may be disproved by a single experiment

A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test:

a single variable.

A theory-

an explanation of why something occurs

A description of what nature does or pattern found in nature is a-

scientific law

What type of science is based on circumstantial evidence, assumptions, and interpretations?

Origin

A Microscope that has a 10x ocular lens and a 10x objective. What is the microscope's total magnification?

100x

A student is studying population growth in fruit flies. Population A was kept in a 1/2 liter bottle while population B was kept in a one liter bottle. What is the independent variable?

size of the container

What type of graph relates a part to the whole?

Pie

What type of graph is used for measuring distance and time?

Line

Which of the following statements is true about scientific theories?

Scientific theories can never be proven.

In an experiment to test how music affects plant growth, what is the independent variable?

Music

In a study on whether taking vitamin C pills daily makes people live longer, researchers will dictate the vitamin C intake of a group of people over time. One part of the group will be given vitamin C daily. The other part of the group will be given a placebo pill. Nobody in the group knows which group they are in. The researchers will check the lifespan of people in both groups. What is the dependent variable?

life span

In a study on whether taking vitamin C pills daily makes people live longer, researchers will dictate the vitamin C intake of a group of people over time. One part of the group will be given vitamin C daily. The other part of the group will be given a placebo pill. Nobody in the group knows which group they are in. The researchers will check the lifespan of people in both groups. What is the control group?

People getting the placebo

T/F The following statement is a correctly written hypothesis: I believe that if I sleep for 12 hours a night, then I will get better grades during class because I will be awake during class.

True

T/F The variable that you deliberately change is called the dependent variable.

False

T/F Origin Science is observable, repeatable, and testable.

False

T/F Science can study things in the spiritual realm.

False

T/F All Scientist are biased

True

T/F While using a microscope, you may use the coarse adjustment knob while using the high power objective.

False

T/F Scientific Laws can be revised or replaced.

False

T/F The low power objective has a greater magnification than the scanning objective.

True

T/F If the specimen on the slide is thick only parts of the specimen may come into focus.

True

T/F The total magnification of a microscope is found by adding the objective lens with the ocular lens.

False

If \______A\______, then \______B\______, because\______C\______ .In this statement, which of the following is the dependent variable?

B

Which of the following terms mean "needing oxygen or air"

Aero

Which of the following terms means "cell"

Cyto

Which of the following terms means "to make"

Synthesis

Which of the following terms means "many"

Poly

Which of the following terms means "self"

Auto

A scientist conducted an experiment to determine how the amount of salt in a body of water affects the number of plants that can live in the water. In this experiment the dependent variable is

number of different plants that can live in the water

T/F The independent variable changes in response to the dependent variable.

false

T/F If a student finds a correlation between eating ice cream and getting good grades, he can accurately conclude that the ice cream is the cause of getting good grades.

False

The molecule an enzyme works on is called a/an \____________.

Substrate

When an enzyme builds a molecule, it takes two monomers and combines them together in a process called\_________.

Synthesis

"Poly" means \_____________.

Many

Enzymes typically end with what three letters?

"Ase"

The outer protein coat of a virus is called a

Capsid

T/F Viruses are considered living because they have DNA and can reproduce.

False

Which of the following has a structure that is shaped as a hexagon?

Carbohydrate

Which of the following contains Carbon?

Nucleic acid, protein, lipid, carbohydrate- all of the above

A / An \_____________ is a living organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis.

Autotroph

T/F Form fits function at every level of living things

True

Small changes within a population's gene pool over time or natural selection is known as

Microevolution

T/F the food we eat can eventually become parts of our body

True

If blood pressure increases, receptors in the carotid arteries detect the change in blood pressure and send a message to the brain. The brain will cause the heart to beat slower and thus decrease the blood pressure. In this example, what is the effector?

The Heart

If blood pressure increases, receptors in the carotid arteries detect the change in blood pressure and send a message to the brain. The brain will cause the heart to beat slower and thus decrease the blood pressure. Is this an example of positive or negative feedback?

Negative

T/F Viruses can only infect humans

False

Which macromolecule does the body use for genetic information?

Nucleic Acid

Which of the following is a protein that helps build up or break down macromolecules?

Enzyme

Which of the following is a weakened form of the virus?

Vaccine

T/F Positive Feedback deals with amplification of a product.

True

Which of the following are unicellular?

Bacteria

Which of the following is important for long term energy supplies, protection and insulation.

Lipids

T/F A virus can reproduce outside of a cell.

False

Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things?

Ability to Move

Why is carbon so special compared to other elements?

Carbon atoms can bond to one another and form a lot of different structures.

Proteins spikes on the surface of the virus that act as a key to enter a cell are known as

Antigens

T/F The structure of an enzyme allows it to perform its function.

True

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called

a catalyst.

Which of the following are the building blocks of proteins?

amino acids

Which macromolecule contains nitrogen?

proteins

Which macromolecule does the body use for building muscles?

Proteins

The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called

Homeostasis.

Which of the following is used to identify and neutralize viruses and bacteria in our bodies

Antibodies

Which type of chemical reaction would be common in a digestive enzyme?

Hydrolysis

Which of the following best describes how a chemical reaction will proceed with an enzyme compared to without the enzyme?

With an enzyme, the activation energy of the reaction decreases, which increases the reaction rate.

When human tissue, such as skin or a blood vessel, is torn or cut, the cells near the damage send out a signal that activates platelets in the vicinity. As the platelets begin to form a plug, they release more chemical signals to attract more and more platelets and other clotting factors until the bleeding is stopped. Is this an example of negative or positive feedback?

positive

What is the first step of viral replication

Attachment

Eukaryotes contain

a nucleus, specialized organelles.genetic material.- all are correct

Which of the following statements explains why the nucleus is important to cells?

The nucleus contains coded instructions for making proteins.

What organelle is used for storage of various materials?

Vacuole

Which of the following structures is found in the cytoplasm?

Ribosome

What organelle organizes cell division?

Centrioles

If a substance is more highly concentrated outside the cell than inside the cell and the substance can move through the cell membrane, the substance will...

move by diffusion from outside to inside the cell.

What organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins to transport around the cell or out of the cell.

Golgi Body

The cell theory applies to

Bacteria, plants and animals, Multicellular organisms- all of the above

The main function of the cell wall is to

support and give definite shape to the cell when placed under high osmotic pressure.

T/F Endocytosis is an example of passive transport.

False

The process by which a cell uses energy to transport a molecule from a low concentration outside the cell to a high concentration inside the cell.

Active Transport

What organelle converts solar energy into food?

Chloroplast

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

helps a cell keep its shape

Process by which large particles are forced out of the cell

Exocytosis

You will find a cell wall in which of these kinds of organisms?

Plants

Which means of particle transport does not require energy?

Osmosis

Unlike the cell membrane, the cell wall is

made of tough fibers and rigid.

Which means of particle transport requires input of energy from the cell?

active transport

Which of the following gives an explanation for how cells evolved a way to produce food and make more energy.

Endosymbiotic Theory

Which of the following organelles is responsible for assembling lipids for the cell.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?

Bacteria

A solution is hypertonic to a cell when it has

high solute %, and low water % when compared to the cell

what membrane surrounds the nucleus and is studded with ribosomes?

Rough ER

Process of taking large particles inside the cell.

Endocytosis

Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?

Cytoplasm

Which organelle breaks down wastes and organelles that are no longer useful?

Lysosome

Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?

stores DNA,controls most of the cell's processes, contains the information needed to make proteins

Which structure makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus?

Ribosome

Which organelles help provide cells with energy?

mitochondria and chloroplasts

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from

an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called

Osmosis.

The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?

proteins