Hip and Pelvis

anatomy of hip/pelvis

* ilium
* anterior iliac spine
* anterior inferior iliac spine
* ischium
* ischial tuberosity
* pubis
* coccyx
* sacrum
* acetabulum
* acetabular labrum
* transverse acetabular ligament
* femur
* greater trochanter
* lesser trochanter
* medial condyle
* lateral condyle
* shaft
* head
* neck

what kind of joint is the hip?

ball and socket

how many degrees of freedom does the hip move through?

3

what are the different possible hip movements?

* flexion/extension
* internal/external rotation
* abduction/adduction

how often do you hear about acute hip injuries? and how can they occur?

* not much
* can happen from non-contact and contact mechanisms

what sport has the highest lower extremity injury rate?

* soccer
* most popular sport in the world

what percent of soccer injuries are to the lower extremities?

87%

what percentage of lower extremity injuries are from non-contact in soccer?

58%

what is the most occurring soccer injury from non-contact scenarios?

* ankle injuries

what is the second most occurring soccer injury from non-contact scenarios?

* thigh muscle strains
* hamstring
* quads

what is the third most occurring injury in soccer from non-contact scenario?

* knee injuries
* 35% are injuries to ligaments

in the 2005-2006 school year, what were the most common injuries seen in all sports?

* ankle (40%)
* knee (25%)
* thigh (14%)
* lower leg (8%)
* foot (7%)
* hip (5%)

in the 2005-2006 school year, what were the most common mechanisms of injury seen in all sports?

* contact (48.6%)
* non-contact (24.7%)
* contact with playing surface (20.7%)
* other (6.0%)

what sports in males has the highest injury rate?

* football
* 2.5x as many injuries of any other sport

what sports in females has the highest injury rate?

* soccer

what is the acetabular labrum?

* a soft tissue that lines the inside of the acetabulum

what are benefits of the acetabular labrum?

* increases the articular surface area by 22%
* creates a seal around the femoral neck and head through negative pressure
* increases the stability allowing more extreme ranges of motion
* reduced likelihood of dislocation

what is the purpose of the femoral ligament?

* no supportive aspects
* protects arteries of femoral head

what are the ligaments of the hip?

* iliofemoral
* ischiofemoral
* pubofemoral

functions of the iliofemoral ligament?

* lateral portion
* prevents excessive extension, adduction, and external rotation
* primarily adduction and external rotation
* medial portion
* prevents excessive extension, internal rotation, and external rotation
* primarily extension and external rotation

what are the lateral portion functions of the iliofemoral ligament?

* prevents excessive extension, adduction, and external rotation
* primarily adduction and external rotation

what are the medial portion functions of the iliofemoral ligament?

* prevents excessive extension, internal rotation, and external rotation
* primarily extension and external rotation