Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to socioemotional development during infancy and early childhood, as described in the lecture notes.

Attachment

An enduring socioemotional relationship between a child and caregiver.

Secure Attachment

A type of attachment where the infant seeks proximity to the caregiver and displays distress when separated.

Avoidant Attachment

A type of attachment characterized by a lack of distress when separated from the caregiver and avoiding contact upon return.

Resistant Attachment

A type of attachment where the child shows anxiety during separation and ambivalence upon reunion.

Disorganized Attachment

A type of attachment where the infant displays contradictory behaviors toward the caregiver.

Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

A theory that outlines eight stages of psychosocial development throughout the human lifespan.

Basic Trust vs. Mistrust

The first stage of Erikson's theory, occurring in infancy, where a child learns to trust caregivers.

Emergent Emotions

Complex feelings that develop as children grow and their cognitive abilities increase.

Prosocial Behavior

Any action intended to benefit another person.

Social referencing

A process where infants look to caregivers for cues on how to react to unfamiliar situations.

Emotion Regulation

The ability to control one's emotional responses and communicate feelings appropriately.

Perspective Taking

The ability to understand another person's feelings and viewpoints.

Gender Typing

The process of learning the behaviors, attitudes, and expectations associated with one's gender.

Cultural Differences in Emotional Expression

The variations in how different cultures express emotions.

Self-Understanding

Awareness of oneself as separate and distinct from others, crucial for experiencing complex emotions.

Make-Believe Play

A form of play that promotes cognitive development and understanding of others' thoughts and feelings.