Systems Integration and Architecture Midterm

(SAP)

SAP Sales and Distribution (SD)

module allows organizations to store and manage customer- and productrelated data.

Client

an independent environment in the system.

Company Code

the smallest organizational unit where a legal set of books can be maintained.

Credit Control Area

grants and monitors a credit limit for customers. It can also include one or more company codes.

Sales Organization

responsible for the sale of specific products or services. It is also responsible for legal liability for products and customer claims

Distribution Channel

refers to how products or services such as wholesale, retail, or direct sales reach the customer.

Division

refers to how materials, products, or services are grouped.

Sales Area

It determines conditions for sales activities such as pricing.

Sales Area

the combination of Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, and Division.

Plant

the goods should be delivered to the customer.

Customer Master

contains all the necessary information for processing orders, deliveries, invoices, and customer payments.

General Data

are the information relevant to the entire organization, such as the client name and address;

Company Code Data

are specific keywords assigned to the company or a process, such as payment and bank.

Sales Area Data

includes the Sales Office Currency of the sales organizations.

Material Master

contains all the information that a company needs to manage about a material.

General Information

contains material information relevant to the entire organization such as material name, weight, and unit of measurement, Sales which includes specific details on the Delivery Plant and Loading Group

Storage Location

provides for specific information about the Stock Quantity, for instance.

Condition Masterr

includes prices, surcharges (additional charge), discounts, freights (goods transferred from place to place), and taxes.

output

is information sent to the customer using various media such as email, mail, fax, and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).

inquiry

is a customer’s request to a company for information or quotation concerning their products or services without any obligation to purchase.

inquiry

may center around the cost and material/service availability and contain specific quantities and dates.

quotation

presents the customer with a legally binding offer to deliver specific products or a selection of a certain amount of products in a specific timeframe at a predefined price.

Sales Order Entry

can originate from a variety of documents and activities, such as when customers contact the business for an order via phone or e-mail, existing contracts, and quotations

header

contains data relevant to the sales order, such as customer data and total order cost.

Line item

have information about the specific product, such as the material, quantity, and cost of an individual line.

Scheduled line

uniquely belongs to a Line Item and contains delivery quantities and dates for partial deliveries

Delivery Schedule

Whenever an order is created, the requested delivery date for the order or each line item must be entered into the system.

forward and backward scheduling rules.

The system will determine this date using

Shipping Point and Route Determination

During the creation of the sales order, the system must determine the shipping point from which the material will be shipped and the route wherein the material will take to get from the warehouse to the customer’s location.

Availability Check

It determines the material availability date and considers all inward and outward inventory movements.

Scheduled Line

In the sales document structure, which section contains delivery quantities and dates for partial deliveries?

Document flow

What SAP feature allows users to track the status of an order at any point in time during the Order-to-Cash cycle?

Shipping & Transportation

begins when the delivery document is created for the sales order

Shipping & Transportation

This document controls, supports, and monitors several sub-processes for progressing the shipping such as Picking, Packing, and Post Goods Issues.

delivery creation

checks orders and materials to determine if a delivery is possible and whether there is a delivery block that puts the order on hold.

delivery document

initiates the delivery process and is the control mechanism for Picking, Packing, Loading, and Posting Goods Issues.

Goods Issue

An event that could indicate a legal change in ownership of the products.

billing process

is used to generate the customer invoice and would also update the customer’s credit status.

billing document

is created by coping data from the sales order and/or delivery document.

order-based billing and delivery-based billing

Two types of billing document

Payment

It is the final step in the sales order process, which the Financial Accounting department manages

final payment

includes posting payments against invoices and reconciling differences between payment and invoice

Materials Management (MM)

is a module concerned with helping organizations with material management, inventory management, and warehouse management in the supply chain process.

Materials Management (MM)

is a module that deals with all tasks in the supply chain such as consumption-based planning, planning, vendor evaluation, and invoice verification.

Purchasing Organization

the buying activity for a plant takes place at this unit.

Purchasing Organization

this unit is responsible for services and material procurement and is in charge of negotiating the conditions of the purchase with the vendors.

Purchasing Group

a key unit representing the buyer or group of buyers responsible for certain purchasing activities.

Purchasing Group

this unit serves as the communication channel for vendors.

Vendor Master

contains all the necessary information for business activities with an external supplier.

Vendor Master

It is used and maintained by the Purchasing and Accounting Departments.

Client Level

includes the vendor address, vendor number, and preferred communication.

Company Code Data

includes reconciliation account, terms of payment, and bank account.

Purchase Org Data

includes purchasing currency, salesman’s name, and vendor partners.

Material Master

contains all the information a company needs to manage a material.

General Information

contains material information relevant to the entire organization,such as material name, weight, and unit of measurement

Sales

includes specific details on the Delivery Plant and Loading Group

Storage Location

contains particular information about the Stock Quantity.

Purchasing Information Record

This data allows buyers to determine which vendors have offered or supplied specific materials quickly

Purchase Requisition

It involves an internal document instructing the purchasing department to request a specific good or service for a specified time.

Directly or manually

where a person making the requisition determines the what, how much, and when

Indirectly or automatically

includes Materials Request Planning (MRP), Production Order, Maintenance Order, and Sales Orders.

Source List

It is a record that specifies the allowed means for procuring material for a certain plant within a given period.

Outline Agreement

Requisitions can be satisfied through existing longer-term purchasing agreements divided into contracts and scheduling agreements.

Contracts

consist of items defining the individual materials, material groups, or services with prices and in many quantities.

Scheduling Agreements

are how the total amount of material is spread over a certain period in a delivery schedule, consisting of line items indicating quantities and their planned delivery date.

Request for Quotation (RFQ)

It is an invitation to a vendor by a Purchasing Organization to submit a bid for the supply of materials or services.

Vendor Evaluation

It helps purchasing evaluate vendors for sourcing while also enabling the company to monitor vendor relations through performance scores and criteria put in place.

Purchase Order

It is a formal request to a vendor for a specific material or service under stated conditions. It can also be created manually and automatically.

Goods Receipt

It deals with the goods movement wherein goods are accepted into the system.

101

goods receipt into the warehouse

103

goods receipt into Goods Receipt blocked stock

122

return to delivery vendor

231

consumption for a sales order

561

initial entry of stock

Invoice Processing

These are references against a Purchase Order to verify their content, prices, and arithmetic.

Payment to Vendor

It can be done automatically (post outgoing payment) or manually (payment program).