Ecology Vocab 2022

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Biology

9th

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22 Terms

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Ecosystem
A community of organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment
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Biodiversity
Variety of life found on Earth, measured at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels.
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Abiotic
Non-living part of an ecosystem that plays a role in shaping the environment.
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Biotic
Living organisms in an ecosystem.
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Abiotic
Non-living parts of an ecosystem that shape the environment.
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Trophic level
The position an organism occupies in a food web.
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Food web
All of the food chains in a single ecosystem. Each organism is a part of multiple food chains.
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Primary Producer
Produce their own food using energy from the sun.
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Consumer
Obtains energy by eating other organisms.
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Decomposer
Obtains energy while breaking down dead/decaying organisms.
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10% RULE
Energy transfer between trophic levels is ineffecient. Only 10% moves to the next trophic level.
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KEYSTONE SPECIES
A species that exerts strong control on a community. It is not always the most abundant OR the apex predator.
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TROPHIC CASCADE
Changes to the structure of an ecosystem resulting from the addition or removal of an animal or plant.
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BIOACCUMULATION
The gradual buildup of toxic substances in the tissue of an organism.
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BIOMAGNIFICATION
The increase in toxic substances through trophic levels in the tissue of an organism from ingesting other plants or animals.
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LIMITING FACTOR
Anything that slows or stops the growth of a population.
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Nutrient
Substance needed for the survival, growth, and reproduction of an organism.
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Nutrient Cycle
Movement of nutrients between the physical environment and living organisms.
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Nitrogen
Essential nutrient needed by all organisms. Nitrogen is needed for the formation of proteins.
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Phosphorus
Essential nutrient needed by all organisms. Phosphorus is a component of several key molecules including DNA.
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Acid Mine Drainage
Formation and leaking of highly acidic water containing high levels of metals from abandoned mine sites.
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Tailings
Contaminated mine waste.