Animal Nutrition Lecture 8

Nutrients in Water

Carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids

3 Nutrients that provide the most energy

Nutrient functions

Utilizing mostly carbs to provide energy
Synthesizing tissue constituents
serve as co-factors in metabolic reactions

Carbs (Energy Sources)

first/primary source of energy

Lipids (Energy Sources)

second source of energy, only used if unable to utilize carbs

Proteins (Energy Sources)

last source of energy, only used when carbs and lipids are unavailable

Carbohydrates

Average of 4k/cal g of energy
Lignin has more energy but is indigestible/fermentable

Lipids

Average 9 k/cal g of energy
Made up of 3 fatty acids

Proteins

Amino acids
Averages 4 k/cal g of energy just like carbs

Protein (Tissue Constituents)

proteins are the most important nutrient that are used o synthesize tissues in the body as they make up the most DM in the body

Metabolic Turnover

The breaking down and re-building of tissues in the body

Cofactors

nutrients are used as co-factors in metabolic reactions

How do we find out the nutrient requirements for an animal?

Utilize what we know:
Type of Animal
Different nutrients in feeds
The type of nutrients the animal requires

Production requirements

Nutrients requirements changing when an animal is undergoing a state of production ior a different physiological state, like pregnancy or lactation.

Importance of Water

All animals need a constant and clean water source to eat and survive, they will not eat without water

Properties of Water

Excellent solvent, utilized in pathways within the body
Heat Management, Sweat
General Properties
Can be in different states, solid, liquid, gas.

Sweat 

how the body manages our internal temperature, water on our skin absorbs the heat

Functions of Water

Lubrication
Body temp regulator
Transport medium
Blood, nymph, urine, sweat
Chemical reactions
Chief constant of body composition

Water requirements differ based on

Size
Age (Younger need water for growth)
Environmental temperature (Hotter:More Water)
Feed quality/quantity (More food more water)
Physiological state (Lactating animals need water for milk)

Water can be utilized through feed such as:

Dew on Grass
Wet feed

Metabolic Water

Metabolic pathways are water released when carbs,lipids and proteins are oxidized to produce energy in the body

Water Loss

Through sweat, piss, and poop