Sampling Chapter 5 Review

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the chapter on Sampling, designed to aid in understanding and preparing for the exam.

Sample

A subgroup in which individuals are recruited to participate in a study.

Target Population

The entire group of interest for a specific research question.

Accessible Population

The subset of the target population that is available for sampling.

Probability Sampling

Sampling method where the odds of selecting an individual are known and every individual has a specified probability of selection.

Nonprobability Sampling

Sampling method where the odds of selecting an individual are not known and the selection method is biased.

Simple Random Sampling

Sampling method where all individuals have an equal chance of selection and each selection is independent.

Systematic Sampling

Sampling method where a starting point is randomly selected, and every nth individual is chosen from a list.

Stratified Random Sampling

Sampling method that involves identifying subgroups within a population and ensuring these subgroups are represented in the sample.

Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling

A type of stratified sampling where samples are taken in proportion to the representation of subgroups in the population.

Cluster Sampling

Sampling method that involves random selection of groups rather than individuals.

Convenience Sampling

Most commonly used sampling method based on availability and willingness of participants.

Quota Sampling

Sampling method similar to stratified sampling, but samples are taken by convenience rather than randomly.

Law of Large Numbers

The principle that a larger sample size tends to produce more reliable results.

Bias

A systematic error introduced into sampling or testing that can distort the results.