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Primary Hyperthyroidism
Synthesis and release of excessive thyroid hormone
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Graves disease (idiopathic, autoimmune disorder)
Multinodular goiters
Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism
Thyrotoxicosis factitial
What is Graves disease
An idiopathic autoimmune disease
Most common, don’t know cause, Anti bodies overstimulate TSH receptors
What is Multinodular goiters
A condition where the thyroid gland develops multiple nodules, idiopathic
What is iodine induced hyperthyroidism
Excessive amounts of iodine
Thyrotoxicosis factitial
Ingest increased levels of thyroid hormone
Treated with thyroid hormone
Thyroid hormone causes weight loss by inducing catabolism
Clinical signs of primary hyperthyroidism
Tachycardia, Atrial fibrillation, Fine tremors, Proximal muscle weakness, goiter, warm moist skin, hyperreflexia (random contraction)
Hair loss
Clinical symptoms of primary hyperthyroidism
Anxiety
Heat intolerance
Most clear difference between hyper & hypo thyroidism
Dyspnea or exertion
Palpations
Palmar erythema
Weakness & Fatigue
Weight loss with increased appetite
Diarrhea
Symptoms more specific to graves disease
Thrill on thyroid gland
Ophthalmopathy (eyes bulging)
Thyroid dermopathy
Diagnosis
Suppressed serum TSH with elevated serum free T4
Thyroid peroxidase antibodies
RAIU test
What is thyroid peroxidase antibodies
Proteins produced by the immune system that mistakenly target thyroid peroxidase
Indicates graves disease
What is RAIU test
Radioactive iodine uptake
Radionuclide scan
Over used iodine