BIO 212 Lab Practical – Flashcard Study Terms

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering various anatomical terms and functions related to the biology of earthworms, clams, crayfish, sea stars, chordates, and other marine animals.

Earthworm

Annelid known for its segmented body and important role in soil aeration.

Earthworm Crop

Organ in earthworms that stores food before it enters the gizzard.

Earthworm Gizzard

Muscular organ in earthworms that grinds food.

Earthworm Intestine

Location in earthworms where digestion and absorption take place.

Earthworm Clitellum

Thick smooth band in earthworms responsible for reproduction and cocoon formation.

Earthworm Seminal receptacles/vesicles

Small sacs in earthworms that store sperm.

Earthworm Pharynx

Muscular tube that pulls food in through the mouth in earthworms.

Earthworm Hearts

Arch-shaped vessels in earthworms that pump blood.

Clam

Mollusca known for its shell and role in aquatic ecosystems.

Foot (Clam)

Muscular wedge used for movement and digging in clams.

Adductor muscle (clam)

Muscle that closes the shell of the clam.

Gills (clam)

Thin folded sheets in clams used for respiration and filter feeding.

Mantle (clam)

Thin tissue layer that produces the shell in clams.

Siphons (clam)

Two tube openings in clams that control water flow.

Heart (Clam)

Small organ that pumps blood in the clam.

Digestive gland (clam)

Digestive

anus(clam)

removes waste

Umbo (clam)

Oldest shell part

Crayfish

Arthropod with segmented body and jointed appendages.

Growth ring (clam)

Shows its age

Antenna/antennules (Crayfish)

Long appendages used for touch and smell.

Telson (crayfish)

Flat plate at the tail end of a crayfish, used for swimming and steering.

Abdomen (crayfish)

swimming

Cephalothorax (crayfish)

Protective body segment in crayfish that contains most organs.

Eye (crayfish)

vision

walking legs (crayfish)

Movement

Swimmerets (crayfish)

Small paddles under the abdomen of crayfish used for swimming and reproduction.

Cheliped (crayfish)

Grasping/defense

Rostrum (crayfish)

protects the head

Liver (crayfish)

Digestion

green gland (crayfish)

excretion

stomach (crayfish)

mechanical digestion of food

heart (crayfish)

pumps hemolymph

Brain (crayfish)

nervous control

Gonad (Crayfish)

Tissue in crayfish responsible for gamete production.

Intestine (crayfish)

digestion/ absorption of food and nutrients

Sea Star

Echinoderm with unique water vascular system for movement and feeding.

Anus (seastar)

Waste removal

Madreporite (sea star)

Porous plate on the sea star which allows water entry.

Ampullae (sea star)

Bulb sacs that control tube feet in sea stars.

ring canal (sea star)

water distribution

Gonads (sea star)

gamete production

stomach (sea star)

Digestion

Stone Canal (sea star)

connects madreporite

Radial canal (sea star)

Tube inside the arms of a sea star that directs water flow.

Tube feet (sea star)

movement and feeding

Notochord (Chordate)

Flexible rod providing support in chordate development.

Dorsal nerve cord (Chordate)

Hollow tube above the notochord in chordates, responsible for nerve signaling.

Pharyngeal slits (Chordate)

Features in chordates for feeding and respiration.

Tunicate

Marine chordates with a protective tunic.

Lamprey

Jawless fish known for its attachment to other fish and unique body structure.

Gill slits (Lamprey)

Round holes located at the sides of the head for respiration.

Ampullae of Lorenzini

Tiny pits in sharks that detect electrical signals.

Swim bladder

Gas sac that provides buoyancy in fish.

Turtle

Reptiles with a protective shell covering their body.

Carapace

Domed shell on the dorsal side of a turtle.

Plastron

Flat plate on the ventral side of a turtle, providing protection.