End of Political Organization Unit Test

What was Justinian’s Code

Justinian’s Code was a set of laws that updated rights for all types of people

What was the role of Theodora in the Byzantine Empire?

Theodora was Justinian's wife and she encouraged him to stay to fight after the rebellion in Constantinople. She worked with him to help create women’s rights and put policies into place about women’s violence and their right to an education.

What are the 5 accomplishments of Justinian as emperor?

-rebuilt the city of Constantinople

-public works projects

-created new laws and rights for people -

-expanded the territory of the Byzantine empire

-got more land and resources for people

What are some of the negative actions taken by Justinian as emperor?

-ruthless when conquering new areas

-believed that Chrisitanity was the only religion to be practiced

-he was viewed as very greedy

-took other people’s money for his own wealth.

why is Justinian’s Code significant?

It is significant for present days it was the foundation of many modern day rights.

What did Theodora do?

-help create women’s rights -put policies into place about women’s violence -right to an education for women

Why did the leaders of Mecca reject Muhammad and the practices of Islam?

Meccan leaders were worried about loosing business, politcal power, wealth, and the ability to worship their own gods.

How did the Islamic Empire treat Jews and Christians differently from Muslims?

Jews and Christians were allowed to continue practicing their religion but had to pay a special tax in the Umayyad Dynasty.

What does “rightly guided” caliphs refer to?

Refers to the first four caliphs to follow Muhammad and the Qur’an after his death.

What did the Sunni branch of government believe?

The Sunni believed that Mu’awiyah (part of the Umayyad clan) was a rightful caliph

What did the Sh’iah branch of government believe?

believed that only someone related to Muhammad is a rightful ruler. 

who was Mu’awiyah

the fourth caliph and created a reason to split the two Muslim branches of government

who were the Umayyads?

was a Muslim group

How did the Umyyads spread Islam

Their dynasty extended to Spain, Northern Africa, and the middle East using culture

Ottoman empire

provided lots of freedom and took over Constantinople

Poltical expectations of a caliph

-they should defend the border of the empire

-protect the people in the empire

-act as judges in court cases

Religious expectations of a caliph

-protect/preserve the religion

-ensure people are following it.

advantages of being part of a kingdom in West Africa

they got protection from being in a larger group

disadvantages of being apart of a West african kingdom

had to pay tribute to the king and were forced to serve in the kings army

What actions were taken by West African kingdoms to become wealthy?

-taxing traded items

-collecting tributes from the areas that they had conquered

-used armies to conquer other areas.

What did the military of Ghana consist of?

Made up of a highly respected army as all men had to train

What was the role of Ghana’s military in society?

to keep the borders and empire safe and a smaller reserve army that was used during times of war.

Why didn’t the Islamic Empire expand down into West Africa during medieval times?

Because they wanted to take over the West African kingdoms.

How did the religion of Islam spread into West Africa?

Through trade occurring in the Sahara Desert with the berbers and caravan traders.

What were the long-lasting results of Mansa Musa’s hajj to Mecca?

His hajj demonstrated how wealthy and powerful he is to the whole world.

How did West African law and government change as a result of the influence of Islam?

-Women received more rights

-local leaders lost power as the central West African rulers had more

- traditional laws began to be replaced with the Shari’ah laws.