HPHY Final

aden/o

gland

adrenal/o

adrenal glands

adren/o

adrenal glands

calc/o

calcium

gluc/o

sugar

glyc/o

sugar

panreat/o

pancreas

parathyroid/o

parathyroid glands

pituitar/o

pituitary gland

thym/o

thymus gland

thyr/o

thyroid gland

thyroid/o

thyroid gland

toxic/o

poison

-crine

to secrete

-genesis

forming/producing

-ism

condition

poly-

many, much

Adenoma

tumor of a gland

Adenopathy

disease of a gland

Adrenal

pertaining to the adrenal glands

Adrenalectomy

excision/removal of the adrenal glands

Endocrine

to secrete from in/within (type of gland that secretes hormone into the blood)

Goiter

enlargement of the thyroid gland

Hirsutism

condition of hairy

Hyperglycemia

blood condition of excessive/above normal sugar

Hyperthyroidism

condition of excessive/above normal thyroid gland (stimulation)

Hypocalcemia

blood condition of under/below/deficient calcium

Hypothyroidism

condition of under/below/deficient thyroid gland (stimulation)

Pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

Panhypopituitarism

condition of all under/below/deficient pituitary gland (total impairment)

Polydipsia

many/much thirst (increased thirst, occurs with untreated diabetes mellitus)

Thyroidectomy

excision/removal of the thyroid gland

Thyromegaly

enlargement of the thyroid gland

cerebr/o

cerebrum

crani/o

cranium (skull)

encephal/o

brain

gli/o

neuroglial tissue

mening/o

meninges (membranes covering brain/spinal cord)

meningi/o

meninges (membranes covering brain/spinal cord)

myel/o

bone marrow, spinal cord

neur/o

nerve

-lepsy

seizure

-oma

tumor

-phasia

speech

dys-

bad, painful, difficult

hemi-

one half

para-

near, beside, beyond

quadri-

four

Aphasia

without/no speech

Ataxia

without/no muscle coordination

Clonus

series of rapid repeated muscle contractions and relaxations

Craniotomy

incision of the cranium (skull)

Dysarthria

difficulty speaking due to loss of control of muscles controlling mouth/face

Dysphagia

bad/painful/difficult swallowing/eating

Electroencephalography

process of recording the electricity of the brain

Encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

Epilepsy

above/upon seizure (electrical signals in the brain cause recurring seizures)

Glioma

tumor of glial tissue (support cells of the nervous system)

Hemiparesis

partial paralysis of one half

Hemiplegia

paralysis of one half

Hydrocephalus

condition of water head (excess accumulation of CSF in the brain ventricles)

Meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

Meningioma

tumor of the meninges (membranes covering brain/spinal cord)

Meningocele

tumor/swelling of the meninges (membranes covering brain/spinal cord)

Neuroblastoma

tumor of a nerve embryonic cell

Neurolysis

separation/destruction/loosening of a nerve

Neurosis

abnormal condition of a nerve

Paralysis

loss of muscle function and/or sensation because of spinal cord injury

Paraplegia

paralysis of legs/lower body from spinal cord injury

Paresthesia

altered skin sensation such as "burning", "prickling" or "tingling"

Poliomyelitis

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

Quadriplegia

paralysis of four (paralysis of all four limbs)

ankyl/o

stiffness, bent/crooked

arthr/o

joint

calcane/o

calcaneum (heel bone)

carp/o

carpals (wrist bones)

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

cost/o

ribs

crani/o

cranium (skull)

fasci/o

fascia (fibrous tissue supporting/separating muscles)

femor/o

femur (thigh bone)

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

fibul/o

fibula (smaller lateral bone of lower leg)

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

leiomy/o

smooth muscle (visceral)

lumb/o

lower back

metacarp/o

metacarpals (hand bones)

muscul/o

muscle

my/o

muscle

myel/o

bone marrow, spinal cord

orth/o

straight

oste/o

bone

patell/o

patella (kneecap)

pelv/i

pelvis

pelv/o

pelvis

phalang/o

phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)

radi/o

radius (lower arm bone, thumb side)

spondyl/o

vertebra (backbone)

stern/o

sternum (breastbone)