cold water

What is detente?

relaxation of tensions

what did the ussr and usa do during detente?

test ban traty, nuclear non proliferation treaty, hotline , trading

Why did detente end?

Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan

who was the opposition tp the communist muslim group in afghanistan?

The Mujahidin

who were the mujahidin supported financially by

the USA and Osama Bin Laden

what happened on christmas day 1979?

80,000 soviet troops entered Afghanistan after the afghan governant asked for the USSR's help

Why did the USSR invade Afghanistan?

In support of a communist government. Ends detante era

why was america not happy about the invasion of afghanistan?

they thought the USSR wanted to expans their influence in Asia and gain control of the oil supply.

why did the soviet invasion of afghanistan contribute to the end of detente? give 4 reasons

1. America saw the invasion as aggressive and a threat to world peace

2. the president at the time, Jimmy Carter, stopped trading iwth the USSR, and did not ratify SALT 2,

3 they boycotted to Moscow Olympics

4. America continued to support the mujahidin

When did Ronald Reagan become president?

1981

What was the Evil Empire speech?

It was Reagan's views on the Soviet Union. He told Americans to not ignore history or the aggressive impulses of the USSR.

what was the effect of the evil empire speech?

The speech showed that the Cold War was a moral war and that America had a duty to invest in new nuclear weapons to defend liberty from the 'evil' of the USSR

New Cold War

when reagan invested in the USA defence, costing billlions of dollars, incliding the SDI(Star wars)

Solidarity in Poland

The union that defeated communism in Poland is finally legalized, becoming the new government

Who led Solidarity?

Lech Walesa

why was the fromaation of solidarity in poland a contributor to the end of detente?

the usa were seen to be agressive by showing support of solidarity, and this was the first time they had inteacted woth any of the satellite states.

What was Glasnost?

The Soviet policy of openness under Mikhail Gorbachev

What did Glasnost do?

allowed freedom of speech, non communists to step up for government ect

What was the Sinatra Doctrine?

A term used for Gorbachev allowing the Eastern Bloc countries to control themselves

when did the berlin walll come down?

9th november 1989

why was eastern europe important in the collapse of communism?

it showed thow umpopular communism was, leadin gto the baltic states breaking away from the ussr as well

Why was Gorbachev unpopular with hardline communists?

he was too lenient, and had caused the breakdownof the USSR

what did hard line communists do to lessen Gorbachev's power?

they arressted him and kept him prisoner in his home

What did Yeltsin do?

he led a demonstration against gorbachev's arrest, daying that reforms had to continue

When did Gorbachev resign?

25th December 1991

what contributed to the end of communism?

the soviet invasion of afghanistan

ronald reagan

Solidarity in Poland

Gorbachevs policies( glasnost and perestroika)

Protests in eastern europe

why did the invasion of afghanistan contribute to the end of communism?

it cost the USSR a lot of money, they couldnt afford to continue fighting against the mujahidin

25% of their money was being spent on military ad defence

it worened the Soviet economy

why did ronald reagan contribute to the end of communism?

he started ht enew cold war, puttn glotsof money into weapons and defence, winnignt he arms race as a result

he gave support to solidarity in Poland, which was the origin of the collapse of communism, led to collapese in other countries.

why did solidarity contribute to the end of communism?

it showed that th esoviet union were less influential to satellite states

showed the unpopularity of communism

showed the weakness of poland, since thei didnt invade

Velvet Revolution

A peaceful protest by the Czech people that led to the smooth end of communism in Czechoslovakia.

When was Germany unified?

1990