3 - Earth's Subsystem
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21 Terms
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Atmosphere
\- gases (the air)
\- the layers of gases around the Earth
\- traps heat and shields Earth from harmful radiation
\- the layers of gases around the Earth
\- traps heat and shields Earth from harmful radiation
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Troposphere
\- weather occurs on this layer
\- 0-12 km distance from the Earth
\- the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature
\- 0-12 km distance from the Earth
\- the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature
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Stratosphere
\- where the ozone layer resides
\- 12-50 km distance from the Earth
\- higher altitudes, higher temperature
\- 12-50 km distance from the Earth
\- higher altitudes, higher temperature
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Mesosphere
\- the coldest layer; it is also the middle layer, far enough from the sun and the Earth’s core
\- 50-80 km distance from the Earth
\- destroys and breaks down the meteors getting close to Earth
\- 50-80 km distance from the Earth
\- destroys and breaks down the meteors getting close to Earth
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Meso
\- means ‘middle’
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Thermosphere
\- 80-700 km distance from the Earth
\- higher altitudes, higher temperature
\- protects Earth from some of the sun’s most harmful radiation, x-rays, and some UV rays
\- higher altitudes, higher temperature
\- protects Earth from some of the sun’s most harmful radiation, x-rays, and some UV rays
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Ionosphere
\- from the word ‘ion’, it has highly charged particles causing lights
\- auroras occur here
\- auroras occur here
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Aurora Borealis
\- northern lights
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Aurora Australis
\- southern lights
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Exosphere
\- outermost layer
\- 700-10,000 km distance from the Earth
\- higher altitude, higher temperature
\- is hit by solar flares and solar wind
\- most satellites orbit here
\- 700-10,000 km distance from the Earth
\- higher altitude, higher temperature
\- is hit by solar flares and solar wind
\- most satellites orbit here
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Lithosphere
\- solid earth
\- the rigid outer shell of Earth
\- consists of the crust and upper mantle
\- the rigid outer shell of Earth
\- consists of the crust and upper mantle
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Oceanic Crust
\- the ocean floors
\- is thinner and denser than continental crust
\- is thinner and denser than continental crust
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Continental Crust
\- forms large landmasses
\- thicker than the oceanic crust
\- thicker than the oceanic crust
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Sial
\- silicone and aluminum
\- the uppermost crust
\- the uppermost crust
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Siam
\- silicone and magnesium
\- lowermost part of the crust
\- lowermost part of the crust
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Mantle
\- 84% of the Earth
\- 2,900 km thick
\- 2,900 km thick
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Asthenosphere
\- weakest layer of the Earth, found between the crust and upper mantle
\- from the pressure, the solid becomes semi-liquid
\- from the pressure, the solid becomes semi-liquid
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Hydrosphere
\- all water, no matter the state
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Saltwater
\- composes 97% of the Earth’s water
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Freshwater
\- composes 3% of the Earth’s water
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Biosphere
\- all life
\- can be found in all three subsystems
\- can be found in all three subsystems