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Self-concept
Individual's answer to 'who am I?' question.
Self-schema
Belief about self affecting information processing.
The self
Totality of thoughts and feelings about oneself.
Attribution perspective
Self-concept as a theory about personal experience.
Global culture
Culture created by global networks and media.
Western values
Individualistic values prevalent in global culture.
Social ideal
Adopting global culture seen as desirable.
Life events
Events prompting adjustment to new roles.
Cognitive age
Self-perceived age one feels like.
Desired age
Age a person aspires to be.
Heredity
Transmission of biological traits through genes.
Environment
External factors influencing personality development.
Genetics
Study of heredity and gene function.
Gene
DNA segment carrying genetic information.
Fertilization
Sperm and ovum combine to form zygote.
Zygote
Single cell formed after fertilization.
Chromosomes
Colored bodies in cell nucleus containing genes.
Autosomes
First 22 chromosome pairs in humans.
Sex chromosomes
23rd chromosome pair determining biological sex.
Biological traits
Inherited characteristics like height and eye color.
Coping mechanisms
Strategies to adjust to life changes.
Cultural exposure
Influence of global culture on self-concept.
Social attitudes
Individual's feelings towards global brands and cultures.
Reflexive activity
Process of self-examination and self-definition.
Physical self
Concept of oneself as a physical being.
Moral self
Concept of oneself in spiritual or ethical terms.
Parenthood
Life event affecting self-concept and roles.
Accidents
Life events prompting significant self-concept changes.
X chromosome
One of two sex chromosomes in females.
Y chromosome
Smaller sex chromosome found in males.
Sex-linked genes
Genes located on sex chromosomes affecting traits.
Chromosome pairs
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Sperm cell
Male reproductive cell carrying X or Y chromosome.
Egg cell
Female reproductive cell carrying X chromosome only.
Gender determination
Father's sperm determines child's gender.
Internal environment
Conditions within an organism's body affecting development.
External environment
Surroundings influencing personality after birth.
Nature-nurture controversy
Debate on heredity versus environment in development.
Heredity
Genetic inheritance influencing traits and behaviors.
Environment
External factors shaping behavior and personality.
Claude Bernard
Physiologist proposing constant internal environment for survival.
Virtue
Core ethical principle in Socratic philosophy.
Self-knowledge
Understanding oneself as the source of wisdom.
Socrates
Father of Western philosophy emphasizing self-examination.
Plato
Greek philosopher and student of Socrates.
Philosophical views of self
Different perspectives on individual identity and existence.
Psychological state of mother
Affects child's development during pregnancy.
Parental influence
Home atmosphere shapes child's personality.
Developmental factors
Heredity and environment are interdependent.
Chromosome size comparison
Y chromosome is one-third the size of X.
Child's birth
Marks entry into external environment after nine months.
Cultural influence
New environment introduces different values and ideologies.
Examined life
Socrates' belief in self-examination for a meaningful life.
Aristotle
Student of Plato, contributing to Western philosophy.
Mother's defects
Can lead to developmental issues in child.
Behavioral development
Influenced by both heredity and environmental factors.
Academy
First Western university founded by Plato.
Psyche
Plato's three elements: appetites, spirited, mind.
Appetites
Desires for pleasures and bodily ease.
Spirited
Element representing anger and desire for honor.
Mind
Conscious awareness guiding desires and actions.
John Calvin
French theologian advocating total devotion to God.
Living Sacrifice
Believers' duty to dedicate lives to God.
Rene Descartes
Father of modern philosophy; 'I think, therefore I am'.
Rationalism
Philosophy emphasizing reason as the source of knowledge.
Idealism
Philosophy prioritizing the mind over material existence.
Mind-Body Dualism
Descartes' theory of separate mind and body.
John Locke
British empiricist; knowledge originates from experience.
Empiricism
Philosophy asserting knowledge through sensory experience.
Innate Ideas
Concepts existing from birth, rejected by Locke.
Sense Data
Information received through sensory perception.
David Hume
Scottish philosopher; self is a bundle of perceptions.
Bundle Theory
Hume's view that self is a collection of impressions.
Impressions
Basic perceptions forming the basis of ideas.
Persisting Self
Hume's argument against the existence of a continuous self.
Immanuel Kant
German philosopher central to modern philosophy.
Philosophical Idealism
Belief that reality is mentally constructed.
Consciousness
Awareness of thoughts and perceptions.
The Charioteer
Symbol of the mind guiding the psyche.
Hot-Blooded
Describes spirited element's response to injustice.
Noble White Horse
Represents the spirited element's pursuit of honor.
Ugly Black Horse
Symbolizes the appetitive element's base desires.
Romans 12:1
Biblical verse on presenting bodies to God.
Self-Awareness
Recognition of one's own thoughts and existence.
Unity in Thought
Descartes' idea of coherence between mind and reason.
Transcendental Unity of Apperception
Kant's idea of unity in human experience.
Self as Transcendental
Kant's view of self beyond physical existence.
Consumer Culture
Influence of market on self-identity and values.
Self-Concept
Image individuals hold of themselves affecting purchases.
Brand Personality
Attribution of personality traits to brands.
Looking-Glass Self
Self-perception based on others' views.
Social Interaction
Key process in forming individual identity.
Role-Taking
Mead's concept of self development through roles.
Consumer Behavior
Decisions influenced by self-image and identity.
Global Identity
Identity shaped by global cultural values.
Marketing Strategy
Aligning brand with consumer self-view.
Celebrity Endorsement
Using celebrities to enhance consumer self-esteem.
Self-Esteem
Confidence influenced by possessions and social status.
Social Mirror
Using others' perceptions to gauge self-worth.
Oppression Representation
Marx's critique of political representation of the oppressed.