Progressive Presidents-Zions

Northern Security Company

a transportation monopoly that had the masterminded by J.P. Morgan

Progressives

Teddy Rosevelt won the support of who when he instituted proceedings against the Northern Security Company

J.P. Morgan

wealthiest person in the world at that time, has first trust to be busted- used sherman antitrust act

Titians of Finance

Who Teddy Roosevelt called the malefactors of great wealth in o win the support of the progressive

Trust Buster

Nickname for Teddy Roosevelt from progressives

William Howard Taft

Roosevelt's conservative successor, ran for President in 1908, signed Payne-Aldrich Tariff, father of federal budget

3 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS

Great Coal Strike of 1902

during what event did Roosevelt win the support of many workers by forcing the owners to accept a compromise with the miners

Conservative Republicans

who did Rosevelt win by allowing most of McKinley's cabinet to keep their jobs

Mark Hanna

who was the challenge for the 1904 republican presidential nomination

leaders who advocated the doctrine of socialism

who did Rosevelt detest?

origin of the conservation movement

efforts to preserve and protect American natural resources

Eugene Debs, William Jennings Bryan, and Howard Taft

who were candidates for the 1908 presidential election

44

How many trusts did Rosevelt break?

90

how many trusts did Taft break?

Labor Department

what did Taft create so that workers are always represented

Big Business

Because Taft won the election, it shows that Rosevelt's anti-socialists strategy of reforming the worst practices of WHAT had been successful

Payne-Aldrich Tariff (41%)

signed by Taft, constitutional amendment that would allow a graduated income tax (lowered 650 items, raises 220 item)

Joseph G. Cannon

Speaker of the House under President Taft, many progressive republicans openly opposed him

progressive party

the new political party in the 1912 election

bull moose

Symbol for Progressive Party

Teddy Roosevelt

Who did the progressive party nominate for the 1912 election

Democratic party

what political party was Woodrow Wilson belong to?

a representative of each party's factions

who did Woodrow Wilson include in his cabinet?

1914

when did Wilson change his policies in an attempt to win support from progressives?

arbiter

people who hear both sides of a dispute with the understanding that their decision will be accepted by employers and employees alike

adulterants

dangerous additives

patent medicines

easily available nonprescription potions advertised as cure-alls

sustained yield

tree farming

preservationists

people who urged protection of wilderness and natural wonders, believing society without natural retreats from the bustle of modern life would soon lose its vitality and its important spiritual values

reservationists

people who were interested in conserving economically valuable natural resources for future time

forest reserves

government owned woodlands from which loggers were banned

nonrenewable resource

once used, these items cannot be replaced

reactionary

someone who wants to reserve progress

insurgents

rebel republican progressives who aligned themselves with House Democrats (mugwumps or half breeds)

New Nationalism

progressive program that Teddy Roosevelt announced for America (regulate business, promote social welfare, women suffrage)

New Freedom

Woodrow Wilson's program for American reforms

holding company

firm that hold controlling interests in other firms

John Mitchell

head of United Mine Workers, urged members to accept capitalism and fight only for higher wages and shorter hours

John Muir

ardent conservationist who helped found the Sierra Club, father of National Park System- Grand Canyon, Yosemite

Gifford Pinchot

appointed chief forester by Roosevelt and urged to transfer authority over national forests from the Department of the interior to the department of agriculture

John Wesley Powell

geologist who led the first expedition down the portion of the Colorado River that runs through the Grand Canyon

Mann-Elkins Act

forbids shippers to accept rebates from railroads

Hepburn Act

curtailed the railroad's practice of granting free passes to politicians and their families, Authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to set maximum ratees that railroads could charge customers

Pure Food and Drug Act

gave federal inspectors the right to enter and observe procedures in all slaughterhouses; regulated the use of narcotics in patient medicines and required manufactures to list the contents of their products

Payne

lower tariffs

Aldrich

higher tariffs

16th Amendment

graduated income tax

Woodrow Wilson

Winner of the 1912 presidential election, second democrat to be president after the Civil War

Underwood Tariff

lowered import duties to less than 30%

Federal Reserve Act

established 12 district banks overseen by a 7-member federal reserve board (oversees the amount of money in circulation, impacts inflation and deflation)

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

defined the unfair business practices for which a corporation could be punished (designed to limit trusts)

Federal Farm Loan

provided easy, government-backed loans for farmers

Smith-Lever Act

provided federal funding for poor rural schools

Keating-Owen Act

limited interstate sales by companies that used those under 16 in their factories or mines

Northern Securities Company

A railroad monopoly formed by J.P. Morgan and James J. Hill which violated Sherman Antitrust Act

Northern Securities Case

The Northern Securities Company was a holding company in 1902. The company was forced to dissolve after they were challenged by Roosevelt because it violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, his first trust-bust.

Great Coal Strike of 1902

-miners ask for 20% raise, 9-hour workday, and recognition in United Mine Workers

-miners believed their demands were reasonable

-workday was reduced to 9 hours, 10% raise, UMW recognition was not required by owners

Dingley Tariff of 1897

57% of the value of imports

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

An agency that regulates a variety of business practices and curbs false advertising, misleading pricing, and deceptive packaging and labeling

Sierra Club

American environmental organization. Helped promote the protection of the environment and nature, founded by John Muir