107 - Water Hardness Reactions

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13 Terms

1
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Soap

2RCOONa + CaSO4 → (RCOO)2Ca↓ + Na2SO4

2
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Boiling

Ca(HCO3)2 + HEAT → CaCO3↓ + H2O + CO2↑

3
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Clark’s Lime

Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 → 2CaCO3↓ + 2H2O

4
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Ammonia

Ca(HCO3)2 + 2NH3 → CaCO3↓ + (NH4)2CO3

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Hydroxide (soft)

Ca(HCO3)2 + 2NaOH → Ca(OH)2 + Na2(HCO3)2

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Hydroxide (hard)

CaSO4 + Na2CO3 → CaCO3↓ + Na2SO4

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Polyphosphate chelation (OH)

PO43- + H2O → HPO43- + OH-

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Sodium hexametaphosphate (NaPO3)

2Ca(HCO3)2 + Na6[(PO3)6] → Ca2Na2[(PO3)6] + 4NaHCO3

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Zeolite chelation (softening)

Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2H6Al2Si2O11 → CaH6Al2Si2O11 + 2NaHCO3

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Zeolite chelation (recovery)

CaH6Al2Si2O11 + 2NaCl → Na2H6Al2Si2O11 + CaCl2

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De-ionization (cations)

Ca(HCO3)2 + 2HResin → CaResin2 + H2CO3 + CO2↑

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Deionization (anions)

Resin-NH2 + 2HCl → Resin-NH3- + Cl-

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Glass

4Na+ + SiO44- + 3H2O → 4Na+ + H3SiO4- + 3OH-