English 9H Final Review

arid

(adjective) - Dry; desertlike. Lacking in feeling or interest.

dearth

(noun) - A scarce supply; an insufficiency of

devoid

(adjective) - Completely without something; lacking in

excerpt

(noun) -A portion taken from a longer work

(verb) - To take a portion from a longer work

exhaustive

(adjective) - Complete; including or considering all possibilities

integral

(adjective) - Essential or necessary parts of a whole

paltry

(adjective) - Very small and insignificant; lacking in importance

plethora

(noun) - An excess of something; great abundance

replenish

(verb) - To add to or fill up again

scant

(adjective) - Barely enough or sufficient; falling short in supply

ascribe

(verb) - To identify as causing something; to attribute to

circumscribe

(verb) - To enclose in a circle; to draw a line around. To limit the power of.

inscribe

(verb) - To write, carve, or engrave words on a surface. To enter into a formal record.

nondescript

(adjective) - Lacking distinctive or individual features

prescribe

(verb) - To give or recommend as a medical treatment or remedy. To set down a rule; to dictate.

proscribe

(verb) - To forbid; to prohibit. To strongly criticize or condemn.

scribe

(noun) - A person who copies manuscripts and documents

scripture

(noun) - Sacred writings or books; passages from sacred writings

subscript

(noun) - A small letter or number written below and to the right of a letter or number

transcribe

(verb) - To make a full written copy of spoken material. To adapt a song or composition for a voice or instrument other than the original.

composite

(noun) - Something put together from many different parts

(adjective) - Put together from many different parts

depose

(verb) - To forcefully remove from office or power. To take testimony from a witness in a lawsuit.

exposition

(noun) - The systematic explanation of a subject. A public exhibition.

imposition

(noun) - Something that is newly required. A burden or unfair demand.

imposter

(noun) - A person who assumes a false identity

juxtaposition

(noun) - Placement side by side or close by

opposition

(noun) - A resistance; a disagreement

proponent

(noun) - A person who argues in support of something; an advocate or a supporter

proposition

(noun) - A plan suggested for acceptance; a proposal

repository

(noun) - A safe place for storage. A person who stores or is a source of information or knowledge

detract

(verb) - To reduce the value, importance, or quality of something; to take away something desirable

distraction

(noun) -Something that draws attention away

distraught

(adjective) - Extremely worried and upset; emotionally agitated

entreaty

(noun) - A heartfelt plea or request

extract

(verb) - To pull or draw out

(noun) - A substance drawn out of something

intractable

(adjective) - Difficult to manage or control; stubborn. Difficult to remedy, cure or make better.

protracted

(adjective) - Drawn out in time; made longer

retract

(verb) - To pull back. To withdraw a statement or promise.

tract

(noun) - An area of land. A pamphlet or leaflet, usually one with a political or religious theme.

traction

(noun) - Grip or hold; friction between something and the surface on which it moves. The act of drawing or pulling a load.

cognition

(noun) - The mental process of knowing, including awareness, reasoning, and judgment

cognizant

(adjective) - Fully informed; aware or conscious of something

connoisseur

(noun) - A knowledgeable person who appreciates high quality, especially in such areas as the arts

or fine dining.

conscientious

(adjective) - Careful, thorough, and hard working. Guided by conscience; principled or ethical.

diagnosis

(noun) - The identification of a disease or other condition

incognito

(adjective) - With one's identity concealed

notoriety

(noun) - Fame for something negative; infamy

omniscient

(adjective) - Having total knowledge; knowing everything

prognosis

(noun) - A forecast or prediction. A prediction of the outcome of a disease, or the likelihood of the

recovery from a disease.

unconscionable

(adjective) - Immoral; unprincipled; not restrained by conscience. Beyond prudence or

reason; excessive.

affectation

(noun) - Artificial behavior done to impress others; action for appearance's sake

beneficiary

(noun) - A person or an institution receiving help or an advantage. A person receiving money or

property from a will or an insurance policy.

de facto

(adjective) - Real or actual

efficacy

(noun) - Effectiveness; the power to produce a result

faction

(noun) - A unified group within a larger group, usually in disagreement or conflict with the larger group

factoid

(noun) - A piece of false information accepted as true because it has been repeated in the media. A

brief, unimportant fact.

factotum

(noun) - An employee who has a wide range of duties

manufacture

(verb) - To make, create, produce, or turn out usually as part of an industrial process.

(noun) - The act of making something

officiate

(verb) - To serve in a position of authority, or to conduct a meeting or a ceremony. To referee or umpire.

prolific

(adjective) - Producing offspring or fruit. Producing many works or results.

cosmopolitan

(adjective) - Sophisticated; possessing knowledge of many countries and topics. Composed of people or elements from many parts of the world.

geopolitics

(noun) - The study of the relationships among politics, geography, economics, and population

impolitic

(adjective) - Not displaying good judgment or wisdom; foolish; imprudent

interurban

(adjective) - Connecting or joining urban areas

megalopolis

(noun) - A single continuous region made up of several large cities and their surrounding areas

metropolitan

(adjective) - Related to a major city. Related to a city and its surrounding suburbs and towns.

politico

(noun) - A politician, especially one who is active in organized party politics

polity

(noun) - The form of government of a country or other organization

urbane

(adjective) - Having refined, polite, and elegant manners

urbanite

(noun) - A city dweller

arrogant

(adjective) - Thinking oneself to be superior; self-important

diffident

(adjective) - Lacking confidence; shy and timid

egocentric

(adjective) - Self-centered; interested only in one's own activities or needs; selfish

esteem

(noun) - High regard; respect

(verb) - To look upon with respect, admiration, or honor

flaunt

(verb) - To show something off; to exhibit shamelessly. To wave grandly.

gloat

(verb) - To express self-satisfaction over your own success or someone else's misfortune

humility

(noun) - Modesty; humbleness; a feeling of not being important or superior

modest

(adjective) - Having only a moderate estimation of oneself; not vain. Free from showiness; unlikely to call attention to one's self. Proper or conventional in speech, behavior, or dress.

pompous

(adjective) -Having exaggerated dignity, seriousness, or self-importance; pretentious

swagger

(verb) - To walk in an overconfident way; to strut. To brag, boast, or otherwise behave arrogantly.

archaic

No longer used or applicable; ancient

argot

The informal, specialized vocabulary and expressions of a particular group

connotation

Ideas or meanings suggested by a word; associations that go beyond a word's literal meaning

denotation

The most direct or specific meaning of a word

idiom

An expression with a special meaning that cannot be understood from the meanings of the individual words; a nonliteral expression

jargon

A specialized vocabulary of a profession or trade

pidgin

A simplified form of speech developed from two or more languages

semantics

The study of meaning and word interpretation

standard

Conforming to the established language used by educated speakers

vernacular

Everyday language, rather than literary language