ICT

Computer

A programmable electronic device capable of receiving data, processing it according to instructions, and producing output results.

Physical computer

An electronic device that requires electricity to operate and consists of hardware components such as the CPU, memory, and storage.

Computer use in Medicine

The use of computer technologies for diagnosis, medical imaging, detection of tumors, electronic patient records, telemedicine, and clinical decision support.

Detection of tumors etc

The application of imaging and algorithmic analysis to detect and characterize abnormalities or tumors in the body, often using CT, MRI, or AI-assisted tools.

Computer as business management tool

The use of computers for accounting, inventory control, payroll, data analysis, customer relationship management, and improving business efficiency.

Communication

The exchange of information between people or systems using email, messaging, video conferencing, and various network protocols.

Control systems

Automated systems that use computers to monitor and regulate the operation of machines, processes, or devices such as industrial automation and embedded controllers.

Textile mills

Industrial facilities where computers and automated machinery are used to spin, weave, and control the quality of fabrics.

Record keeping equipment

Devices and software used for organized storage, retrieval, and management of data and documents, such as databases and electronic records.

Money banking and finance

Applications of computers in processing transactions, accounting, online banking, risk analysis, and automated trading.

Computers at home

Personal computers used at home for communication, education, entertainment, and household management.

Computers for gaming

Systems and hardware designed for playing video games, including gaming PCs, consoles, and optimized graphics/software.

Pascal's calculator

An early mechanical calculator designed for addition and subtraction, known as the Pascaline, created in the 17th century to simplify manual calculations.

Leibniz wheel

A mechanical mechanism developed for calculators that used a serrated wheel to perform multiplication and division faster than earlier designs.

Blaise Pascal

A French scientist and mathematician who created one of the first mechanical calculators and contributed to mathematics and philosophy in the 17th century.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

A German mathematician and philosopher who developed the binary system and designed the stepped reckoner; he also contributed to logic and calculus.

Stepped reckoner

A mechanical calculator that used a series of stepped wheels to perform complex arithmetic operations like multiplication and division.

Joseph Marie Jacquard

An inventor who developed a mechanism that used punched cards to control loom patterns, introducing the concept of automated control.

Jacquard loom

A weaving machine that used punched cards to automatically control patterns, serving as an early inspiration for programmable machines.

Charles Babbage

An engineer and inventor who designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, considered the "father of the computer" in historical context.

Difference engine

A mechanical device designed to automatically compute and print mathematical tables, reducing human error in calculations.

Herman Hollerith

An inventor who created an electromechanical tabulating system using punched cards to process census data, pioneering data processing.

IBM

A major technology and computing corporation that originated from early tabulating machine companies, later becoming a leader in hardware, software, and enterprise systems.

John Vincent Atanasoff

A physicist and inventor credited with designing the first electronic digital computer concepts and co-inventing the Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC).

Clifford Berry

Co-inventor of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC) who helped build one of the first electronic digital computer prototypes.

ABC

Short for Atanasoff–Berry Computer, an early electronic digital computer prototype that demonstrated binary computation and electronic switching principles.