Diagnostic Imaging W2 - Physical Therapist Roles & General Principles of Radiology

T/F: diagnostic accuracy is similar between PTs and orthopedic surgeons

true

1 multiple choice option

T/F: x-rays are visible to the naked human eye

false

1 multiple choice option

which of the following definitions best describes radiopaque?

solid objects such as bone or metal that appear white

1 multiple choice option

which spinal level is the most common location of cervical OA?

C4/5

3 multiple choice options

a 45 year old patient was referred to you clinic with neck pain 2 weeks following a roll-over MVC. her original images appear normal, but she continues to present with central, bilateral, and worsening symptoms. what should you do?

refer out

3 multiple choice options

which of the following are reasons that PTs should learn about radiology?

all of these

3 multiple choice options

in which states is ordering images clearly allowed for physical therapists?

Wisconsin, DC, Colorado, Maryland, New Jersey, Utah

3 multiple choice options

in which states is ordering images clearly prohibited for physical therapists?

South Carolina, New York, Mississippi

3 multiple choice options

what does duty to refer mean?

language requiring a PT to refer to another healthcare provider if beyond the scope of physical therapy

3 multiple choice options

which of the following is a requirement of a radiograph?

all of these

3 multiple choice options

what is the difference between an x-ray projection and view?

projection: path of x ray beam; view: processed x-ray film/image

1 multiple choice option

which of the following is not an advantage of conventional radiographs?

ionizing source of radiation

3 multiple choice options

which of the following are disadvantages to conventional radiographs?

all of these

3 multiple choice options

which is true about ionizing radiation?

both of these

3 multiple choice options

which is true about non-ionizing methods of imaging?

both of these

3 multiple choice options

T/F: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a method of ionizing imaging

false

1 multiple choice option

T/F: diagnostic ultrasound is a non-ionizing method of imaging

true

1 multiple choice option

Which statement is most accurate regarding the diagnostic accuracy outcomes for knee and shoulder conditions as discussed by Moore et al. 2005?

diagnostic accuracy was similar between PT and orthopedic surgeons

3 multiple choice options

Radiolucent objects are _________ and will appear ______________ on imaging.

less dense, darker

3 multiple choice options

X-rays are, in actuality, ___________.

invisible to the human eye

3 multiple choice options

Ionizing radiation is transmitted through tissue for this study:

conventional radiographs

3 multiple choice options

What is the effective radiation dose in adults for a bone densitometry study (DEXA scan)?

0.001 mSv

3 multiple choice options

On a conventional radiograph, bone appears more ______.

radiopaque

1 multiple choice option

Motion was discussed to affect the _________ of an image.

recorded detail

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for CT of the abdomen and pelvis in adults?

10 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for a CT of the abdomen and pelvis for adults?

3 years

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for a CT of the abdomen and pelvis in adults (repeated with and without contrast material)?

20 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for a CT of the abdomen and pelvis in adults (repeated with and without contrast material)?

7 years

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for a spine x-ray in adults?

1.5 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for a spine x-ray in adults?

6 months

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for an x-ray of the extremities (hand, foot, etc.) in adults?

0.001 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for an x-ray of the extremities (hand, foot, etc.) in adults?

3 hours

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose of a dental x-ray in adults?

0.005 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for dental x-rays in adults?

1 day

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for bone densitometry (DEXA) in adults?

0.001 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for bone densitometry (DEXA) in adults?

3 hours

3 multiple choice options

what is the approximate effective dose for a mammography in adults?

0.4 mSv

3 multiple choice options

what is the comparable duration of natural background radiation for a mammography in adults?

7 weeks

3 multiple choice options

what does ALARA stand for?

as low as reasonably achievable

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for an anteroposterior (AP) projection?

back against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a posteroanterior (PA) projection?

chest against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a left lateral projection?

left side against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a right lateral projection?

right side against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a left anteroposterior (AP) projection?

rotated 45° with posterior left shoulder against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a right anteroposterior (AP) projection?

rotated 45° with posterior right shoulder against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a left posteroanterior (PA) projection?

rotated 45° with anterior left shoulder against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what position should a pt be in for a right posteroanterior (PA) projection?

rotated 45° with anterior right shoulder against image receptor

3 multiple choice options

what happens to the image quality if it is over exposed?

the image will appear too dark

2 multiple choice options

what is the definition of radiographic density?

amount of blackening on a radiograph

3 multiple choice options

what is the definition of radiographic contrast?

difference among adjacent radiographic densities

3 multiple choice options

what is the definition of recorded detail?

geometric sharpness or accuracy of the structural lines on the radiograph

3 multiple choice options

what is the definition of recorded distortion?

difference between the actual object being evaluated and its recorded image

3 multiple choice options

which of the following statements is most accurate in terms of a PT's ability to order diagnostic imaging in the US?

it is unclear or silent in most states

3 multiple choice options

which term is defined as "the branch of medicine concerned with radiant energy and radioactive substance (x-rays, radioisotopes, ionizing radiation) and the application of this information to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease?

radiology

3 multiple choice options

which of the following uses ionizing radiation?

CT

3 multiple choice options

which procedure has the lowest effective dose of radiation?

foot x-ray

3 multiple choice options

air will typically appear _____ on plain radiographs

black

3 multiple choice options