Gastroenterology Terms and Definitions

These flashcards cover various gastroenterology terms, their definitions, and related medical procedures related to these terms.

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

peritonitis

inflammation of the peritoneum

polyposis

abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps in the mucous membrane of the intestine, especially the colon.

proctitis

inflammation of the rectum

rectocele

hernia of the rectum

sialolith

stone in the salivary gland

steatohepatitis

inflammation of the liver associated with excess fat, often caused by alcohol abuse and obesity.

stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth (mucous membrane)

uvulitis

inflammation of the uvula

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

cheilitis

inflammation of the lips

cholangioma

tumor of the bile duct

cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

choledocholithiasis

condition of stones in the common bile duct

cholelithiasis

condition of gallstones

colitis

inflammation of the colon

diverticulitis

inflammation of a diverticulum

diverticulosis

abnormal condition of having diverticula

dysentery

painful intestines associated with inflammation of the intestines, often bloody

enteritis

inflammation of the intestines

enteropathy

disease of the intestines

esophagitis

inflammation of the esophagus

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

glossitis

inflammation of the tongue

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

hepatoma

tumor of the liver

abdominocentesis

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the abdominal cavity

abdominoplasty

surgical repair of the abdomen

anoplasty

surgical repair of the anus

antrectomy

excision of the antrum (of the stomach)

appendectomy

excision of the appendix

cheiloplasty

surgical repair of the lip

cholecystectomy

excision of the gallbladder

choledocholithotomy

incision into the common bile duct to remove a stone

colectomy

excision of the colon

colostomy

creation of an artificial opening into the colon for stool passage

diverticulectomy

excision of a diverticulum

enterorrhaphy

suturing of the (small) intestine

esophagogastroplasty

surgical repair of the esophagus and the stomach

gastrectomy

excision of the stomach

gastrojejunostomy

creation of an artificial opening between the stomach and jejunum

gastroplasty

surgical repair of the stomach

gastrostomy

creation of an artificial opening into the stomach

gingivectomy

surgical removal of gum (tissue)

glossorrhaphy

suturing of the tongue

hemicolectomy

excision of half of the colon

herniorrhaphy

suturing of a hernia for repair

ileostomy

creation of an artificial opening into the ileum

laparotomy

incision into the abdominal cavity

palatoplasty

surgical repair of the palate

pancreatectomy

excision of the pancreas

polypectomy

excision of a polyp

pyloroplasty

surgical repair of the pylorus

uvulectomy

excision of the uvula

uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)

surgical repair of the uvula, palate, and pharynx to correct obstructive sleep apnea

cholangiogram

radiographic image of the bile ducts

cholangiography

radiographic imaging of the bile ducts after administration of contrast materials

CT colonography

radiographic imaging of the colon using computed tomography

esophagram

radiographic image of the esophagus and pharynx

capsule endoscopy

(capsule) visual examination within a hollow organ using a camera