Muscles: Names, Origin, Insertion, Action

Iliopsoas

Origin: ilium and lumbar vertebrae

insertion: lesser trochanter

Action: flexes thigh

muscle on left

Gluteus maximus

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter (femur)

Actions: Extends and abducts thigh

muscle on right

Gluteus Medius

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter (femur)

Action: Abducts thigh

Adductor Group

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Linea aspera (femur)

Actions: Adducts and flexes thigh

Quadriceps femoris group

Origins: Femur and anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity

Actions: Flexes thigh and extends leg

Hamstring group

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Tibia and fibula

Actions: Extends thigh and flexes leg

Sartorius

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibia

Actions: Flexes thigh; laterally rotates thigh; and flexes leg

action of peroneus longus

Actions: Plantarflexes and everts foot

action of tibialis anterior

Actions: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Action of extensor digitorum

Action: extends toes

action of flexor digitorum

Action:flexes toes

Calf muscle name, origin, insertion, and action

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Femur

Insertion: Calcaneus via Achilles’ tendon

Action: Plantarflexes foot

Trapezius

Actions: Retracts, elevates, depresses scapulae: extends head

Rhomboids

Actions: Retract and stabilize scapula

Pectoralis minor

Origin: Ribs

Insertion: Coracoid process (scapula)

Actions: Depresses scapula and elevates ribs

teres minor

Action: Laterally rotates arm

teres major

Actions: Extends and medially rotates arm

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: Vertebral column

Insertion: Humerus

Actions: Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm

Deltoid

Origin: Clavicle and scapula

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity (humerus)

Actions: Abducts, flexes, extends arm

Pectoralis major

Origin: Clavicle and sternum

Insertion: Humerus

Actions: Adducts and flexes arm

Biceps Brachii

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Actions: Flexes and supinates forearm

Triceps Brachii

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

Action: Extends forearm

Brachioradialis

Insertion: Radius

Action: Flexes forearm

Supinator

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Radius

Action: Supinates forearm

Pronator teres

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion: Radius

Action: Pronates forearm

1

Palmaris Longus

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Insertion: Aponeurosis of hand

Action: Flexes hand

2

Flexor carpi radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Actions: Flexes and abducts hand

3

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Actions: Flexes and adducts hand

4

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Action: Flexes middle phalanges 2-5

5

Flexor digitorum profundus

Action: Flexes distal phalanges 2-5

6

Flexor Pollicis longus

Action: Flexes thumb

7

Extensor digitorum

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Action: Extends digits 2-5

8

extensor carpi radialis longus

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Actions: Extends and abducts hand

9

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Origin: Lateral epicondyle

Actions: Extends and adducts hand