The Romanov's and the Russian Revolution

Tsar

The ruler of Russia (like a king).

Revolution

When people fight to change the government.

Serfdom

A system where peasants worked for landowners with few rights.

Bolsheviks

A political group led by Lenin that took over Russia.

Abdicate

To step down from the throne.

Communism

A system where the government controls everything and aims for equality among people.

Autocracy

A system of government where one person has absolute power.

Duma

The Russian legislature created after the 1905 revolution.

Provisional Government

The temporary government that ruled after Nicholas II abdicated.

Red Army

The communist military forces led by Trotsky.

White Army

Anti-communist forces who fought against the Bolsheviks.

New Economic Policy (N.E.P.)

Lenin's policy allowing limited capitalism to help the economy recover.

Propaganda

Misinformation used to influence public opinion.

Monarchy

A form of government where a royal family rules a nation.

Tsar Nicholas II

The last Emperor of Russia, who struggled with military and political challenges, leading to the fall of the Romanov dynasty.

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the Bolsheviks, played a crucial role in the October Revolution and established Communist rule in Russia.

Leon Trotsky

Key leader of the Bolsheviks and head of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War.

Joseph Stalin

Rose to power after Lenin's death in 1924, eventually establishing a totalitarian regime in the Soviet Union.

Grigori Rasputin

A mystic and self-proclaimed healer who gained influence over the royal family, particularly Tsarina Alexandra.

Prince Felix Yusupov

One of the key conspirators in the assassination of Rasputin.

Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich

Another participant in the murder of Rasputin.

Karl Marx

Philosopher whose ideas inspired Lenin and the Bolshevik Revolution.

Napoleon Bonaparte

His invasion of Russia in 1812 influenced Tsar Alexander I's policies.

Members of the Duma

The legislative body of Russia that opposed the monarchy and later played a role in the Provisional Government.