chemical reactions and enzymes

A process that changes one set of molecules into a new set of substances

Chemical reactions

A chemical reaction occurs when ___ between atoms are broken or formed

chemical bonds

life depends on chemical reactions within cells. These reactions take place at a faster rate because of___.

enzymes

The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction.

reactants.

the elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.

products

the formation and breaking of chemical bonds involve changes in?

energy

regardless of the type of chemical reaction, all reactions involve an initial investment of ___ to take place.

the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called ___ energy

activiation

In energy-absorbing reactions, the reactants have _____ energy than the products.

less

In energy-releasing reactions, the reactants have _____ energy than the products.

more

the energy required to break bonds in the reactant molecules is called

activation energy

activation energy is usually in this form

heat

Organic compounds in cells that lower the activation energy of a reaction are called _____.

enzymes

enzymes belong to whihc group of organic compounds

proteins

enzymes make reactions take place ___ and at ____ temperatures

faster ; lower

what name is given to the reactants of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

substrates

an inorganic substance that speeds up a chemical reaction

catalyst

what is the name of the pocket or groove on the surface of an enzyme into which substrate molecules fit?

active site

if she shape of the enzyme has been altered so much that the substrate molecules will no longer fit, the enzyme is said to be___

denatured

how many different types of reactions can a particular enzyme catalyze

1

what ending is placed on the end of many enzyme names

-ase

what happens to the enzyme at the end of a chemical reaction?

it is used again in another reaction

what would cause an enzyme to stop functioning

excessive heat, excessive ph level, lack of substrate

for an enzyme to speed up a reaction, there must be ___ between the enzyme and the substrate

a complimentary fit

T of F: without enzymes, the reactions of the cell would proceed so slowly that the cell would die

True

The ___ of an enzyme is specific for only one substrate.

shape