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spinal cord tracts
bundles of axons that run in the white matter of the spinal cord
types of spinal cords
ascending tracts and descending tracts
ascending tracts
sensory axons that travel from body to brain
descending tracts
motor axons that travel from brain to body
what is a nerve
a structure you can see with the naked eye and formed by many axons bundled together in ct wrappings
connective tissues in spinal cord
endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium (inner to outer)
how is a spinal nerve formed
from the unification of anterior and posterior roots
anterior roots
axons of motor neurons
posterior roots
axons of sensory neurons
posterior root ganglions
contain cell bodies of sensory neurons
spinal nerve branches (rami)
posterior ramus, anterior ramus
posterior horns
innervates deep back muscles and skin of back, smaller
anterior ramus
innervates everything else from the neck inferiorly, larger and performs nerve plexuses
plexus
networks of converging or diverging axons
rami vs roots
roots are organized by function (sensory or motor)
rami are organized by location (posterior, anterior)
dermatomes
segments of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve; create a sensory map of the body
shingles
chicken pox virus that lies dormant in posterior root ganglion, reactivates along dermatomes as shingles