Year 7 Latin Summer Revision Guide Notes

Exam Information

  • 50 minutes
  • Section 1: Translation (30 minutes)
  • Section 2: Grammar (20 minutes, do first)
  • Learn everything in this revision guide.

Vocabulary

  • Revise vocabulary from Stages 1-12.
  • Nouns: Nominative case (accusatives given if 3rd declension).
  • Verbs: 3rd person (e.g., sedet - he/she/it is sitting).

Nouns

  • Nominative: subject of the sentence; translated before the verb.
  • Accusative: object of the sentence; translated after the verb.
  • Dative: indirect object; translated as “to” or “for”.
  • Latin word order: NOMINATIVE DATIVE ACCUSATIVE VERB
  • Order of translation: 1st 4th 3rd 2nd

Noun Endings

Case1st Declension2nd Declension3rd Declension
SING Nom.- a- us(no ending)
Acc.- am- um- em
Dat.- ae- o- i
PLURAL Nom.- ae- i- es
Acc.- as- os- es
Dat.- is- is- ibus

Example:

mercatores feminis togas dederunt

Translation:
The merchants gave togas to the women.

Pronouns

  • Words used instead of nouns.

Singular Pronouns

CasePronounTranslation
Nom.egoI
Acc.meme
Dat.mihito/for me
Nom.tuyou
Acc.teyou
Dat.tibito/for you

Plural Pronouns

CasePronounTranslation
Nom.noswe
Acc.nosus
Dat.nobisto/for us
Nom.vosyou
Acc.vosyou
Dat.vobisto/for you

Adjectives

  • Comparative: -ior = more (e.g., callidior = more clever).
  • Superlative: -issimus = very (e.g., callidissimus = very clever).

Verbs

Tenses

  • Present
  • Imperfect
  • Perfect
  • Pluperfect

Verb Endings

PresentImperfectPerfectPluperfectMeaning
I- o- bam- (v)i- (v)eramI ____ / I am ___ing / I was __ing / I had __ed
You- s- bas- (v)isti- (v)eras
He/She/It- t- bat- (v)it- (v)erat
We- mus- bamus- (v)imus- (v)eramusWe were_ing
You- tis- batis- (v)istis- (v)eratis
They- nt- bant- (v)erunt- (v)erant

Irregular Verbs

To be

Present

  • I: sum (I am)
  • You: es (you are)
  • He/she/it: est (he is)
  • We: sumus (we are)
  • You: estis (you are)
  • They: sunt (they are)

Imperfect

  • I: eram (I was)
  • You: eras (you were)
  • He/she/it: erat (he was)
  • We: eramus (we were)
  • You: eratis (you were)
  • They: erant (they were)