Contraception

Contraception: What are the different types of contraception, their brand names and how are they administered?

• COCP→ microgynon→ oral

• Patch→ evra→ transdermal

• Ring→ nuvaring→ intravaginal

• Progesterone-only pill → cerazette→ oral

• Progesterone-only injection→ deposit-provera→ IM or SC

• Progesteron-only implant → nexplanon→ subdermal

• IUS→ mirena coil

• Copper coil→ ParaGard

Contraception: What is the COCP including examples, MOA and disadvantages?

• COCP→ contains oestrogen and progesterone

• Examples→ microgynon and Yasmin

• MOA→ prevents ovulation, thickens cervical mucus to block sperm, thins endometrial lining

• Disadvantages→ contraindicated in women with aura migraines, increases risk of clots and stroke

Contraception: What is the Patch including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• Patch→ oestrogen and progesterone

• Example→ evra

• Administration→ worn for 1 week, replaced weekly for 3 weeks, followed by patch-free week

• Disadvantages→ skin irritation, visible

Contraception: What is the Vaginal Ring including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• Vaginal ring→ oestrogen and progesterone

• Example→ nuvaRing

• Administration→ inserted into vagina for 3 weeks, removed for 1 week, then insert a new ring

• Disadvantages→ vaginal irritation, painful intercourse

Contraception: What is the POP including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• POP→ progesterone only

• Examples→ cerazette and desogestrel

• Administration→ orally once a day at same time each day with no break

• Disadvantages→ irregular bleeding patterns, strict adherence to timings required

Contraception: What is the Contraceptive Injection including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• Contraceptive injection→ progesterone only

• Example→ depo-provera

• Administration→ IM or SD every 12 weeks

• Disadvantages→ regular medical visits, irregular bleeding, amenorrhea, weight gain, delayed return to fertility after discontinuation

Contraception: What is the Contraceptive Implant including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• Implant→ progesterone only

• Example→ nexplanon

• Administration→ subdermal, lasts for 3 years

• Disadvantages→ irregular bleeding patterns, requires minor surgical procedure

Contraception: What is the IUS including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• IUS→ progesterone only

• Examples→ mirena, kyleena, jaydess

• Administration→ inserted into uterus, lasts 3-5 years

• Disadvantages→ risk of expulsion or uterine perforation

Contraception: What is the IUD including examples, administration and disadvantages?

• IUD→ copper device

• Example→ paraGard

• Administration→ 5-10 years

• MOA→ releases copper and copper is toxic to sperm so sperm can’t fertilise the egg

• Disadvantages→ may increase bleeding or cramping, risk of expulsion or uterine perforation

Contraception: Which contraceptive methods are not contraindicated postpartum or whilst breastfeeding?

• Progesterone only injection

• POP

• COCP → only allowed after more than 6 week postpartum

• Copper IUD→ not allowed from 48 hours to 4 weeks postpartum. Allowed after these 4 weeks.