IT Fundamentals Final

Questions and such come from the VirtualSC class. Good luck!

What is the language of computers?

Ones and zeros

What is the operating system?

The program that allows you to interact with your computer

Your operating system and your ___ combine to form a complete system that determines what your computer can do

Computer hardware

The two most common operating systems are

Microsoft Windows, and Max OS

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The primary data processing component of a computer; also known as the Central Processing Unit

Monitor

A device that receives signals from a computer and displays them onto a screen

Mouse

A hand-controlled electronic device used to manipulate the cursor on your computer screen used for pointing, clicking and dragging

USB cable

The cable that connects peripheral devices to a computer through a Universal Serial Bus port

Ethernet cable

A network cable that allows information to travel between wired devices

Hard Drive

A device that stores all software and files on your computer; reads and writes data onto a spinning magnetic or optical disk

USB drive,
flash drive or
thumb drive

A small, portable plug-n-play storage files; plugs into a USB port; not large enough for hard drive backup

External Hard Drive

A portable plug-n-play device used for storage; used as hard drive backup; easily added/removed from a computer

Peripheral devices

The external input or output devices that are used to communicate with a computer. (Ex. Mouse, keyboard, scanner, monitor, printer)

Printer

An output device that physically produces text and graphics; usually onto paper; (Ex. Laser, inkjet)

scanner

An input device that produces a digital image file to be saved onto a computer

Speakers

The output devices that produce audio from your computer. (Ex. Voice, music)

Computer software

The set of instructions executed by a computer. (Ex. MS Words, windows 10)

Word processor

The software used to create, edit
and print text documents. (Ex. Letters, tables, reports)

Database

A software program that stores an organized collection of data on a computer

Operating system

Also known as an "OS," this is the software that communicates with computer hardware on the most basic level. Without an operating system, no software programs can run.

OSX

The latest Mac operating system

Microsoft Windows

The most widely used operating system for personal computers; provides a graphical user interface in which applications are displayed in resizable, movable windows on a screen

Computer Virus

A computer system that secretly attaches to a document or program then executes when the document or program is opened

Malware

A malicious computer virus designed to damage a computer

Internet service provider

A company that provides internet service for a monthly fee. (Ex. Spectrum, DirectTV

Cloud computing

The use of web applications that allow you to create, save and play games online. No storage space is required on your computer. (Ex. Google Docs, Flickr and Xbox live)

Google Docs

A free, cloud-based word processor run by Google; allows you to create, edit and collaborate in real-time with other users

What does the abbreviation USB stand for?

Universal Serial Bus

Why did the HDMI connection grow in popularity?

It can handle both video and sound.

Everything appears to be normal, and your monitor is working, but you cannot seem to type on your keyboard. What should you check first?

Make sure the keyboard cord is securely in place.

What does RAM actually stand for?

Random Access Memory

If you try to run several programs at once and they are sluggish, what is something that you may consider adding to your device to make it run faster?

Extra RAM Memory

Starting and loading programs quickly is most impacted by the ___.

Hard Drive speed and capacity

What is a peripheral device?

An external device that your computer can run without

Which of the following devices are considered peripheral? Select all that apply.

Speakers, mouse, and printer

What is the main function of the motherboard?

It is the main circuit board that connects essentially every part of the computer in some capacity

Your friend just bought a brand new computer but he is having trouble getting his machine to turn on. He's called you for help. What are some things he should double check? Select all that apply

Ensure the monitor is plugged into the surge protector.
Make sure all plugs are secure that connect the machine to it's power source.
Try plugging in another device into the surge protector to be sure it's working properly.

What is built into computers that help keep internal components cool?

Fan

Put the steps in setting up a workstation in the proper order.

Choose the proper location.
Connect the monitor.
Connect the keyboard and mouse.
Plug in the entire system.

What does it mean if you say something has "Bluetooth capabilities"?

The device can use radio technology to wirelessly connect to other devices

What happens when you enable the Airplane Mode on your device?

This action disables all wireless transmission functions

What connects directly to the internet source and is usually set up by the service provider?

Modem

What is the first step in pairing a new Bluetooth device?

Using the settings on your device, turn on the Bluetooth capabilities

What device allows you to set up your home Wi-Fi connections?

Router

What is known as the most important software that runs on a computer? Without this software, the computer would not be able to do anything.

Operating system

What features let's you use the mouse to click icons, buttons, menus, and much more?

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

The operating system does not manage computer memory, processes, hardware and software.

False

What is the most common way to obtain new software?

Internet download

What is an open source operating system?

A free source, open to the public, that can be accessed and modified to suit an individual's needs.

What is an application?

a type of software that allows you to perform specific tasks

What is a closed source operating system?

A closed source, not open to the public that cannot be accessed or modified to suit an individual's needs

What is the official name of an application on a desktop or a laptop?

Desktop Application

Why is it important to ensure that your software is updated? Select all that apply.

It adds new features
It fixes and/or removes computer bugs
It removes old features
It repairs security holes

What do security patches do?

Covers security holes so that hackers can not access your data.

Put the six steps of the troubleshooting process in order.

Identify the problem
Establish a theory on why the problem occurred
Test the theory
Establish a plan of action and implement a solution
Verify your solution worked and put preventative measures in place
Document your findings, actions, and outcome

What does GUI stand for?

Graphical User Interface

What is running more than one application at a time called?

Multi-tasking

What are the three most common operating systems? Select all that apply.

Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX

If an application freezes while running on your PC, what keys would you use to access the task manager?

CTRL + Alt + Delete

If an application freezes while running on your Mac, what keys would you use to access the task manager?

Command + Option + ESC

When an application is running slowly, what is the first thing you should check for?

Whether your application has been updated recently

If you notice that your entire computer seems to be running extremely slow, what is the first step you should take to diagnose the issue?

Run a virus scanner. You may have malware running in the background that is slowing things down.

Why is it important to document the steps you took during the troubleshooting process?

So you will be able to remember what you have done and can avoid repeating mistakes

What is the first step in the trouble shooting process?

Identify the problem

Email addresses always include what symbol?

@

What is software?

Anything that tells hardware what to do and how to do it

Email is delivered electronically across the _________.

Internet

Which of the following are examples of software

Applications, Computer programs, and Photo Editing program

How long does it take on average for email to be delivered?

Minutes

Why are free web based providers so popular?

You can access your email account from anywhere as long as you have internet connection

What is the three of me four letter identifier found at the end of a file name that follows a period called?

File extension

What is the first step in creating an email address?

Choosing a webmail provider

Where do you view and manage emails?

Inbox

What do you call the software that allows you to perform specific tasks?

Applications

What computer software would allow you to complete tasks such as creating a document, designing a flyer, and writing a letter?

Word processing software

What does a file extension tell you about the file?

It's characteristics and it's use

When you want to collaborate with someone using a Google Doc, what do you need in order to share the document?

The persons email address

If you are the creator of a Google Doc and need your partner to add or change information to the document, what permission setting do you need to give them?

Person can edit

What term is used for two or more PCs that are connected and share resources?

Peer to Peer

What is the correct term for files copied to a secondary location for preservation purposes?

Backup

If there is a secure socket layer in place, what will you need in addition to a user ID in order to access the shared files?

A password

What does the "S" at the end of FTPS indicate?

Secure

What does the abbreviation SOHO stand for?

Small Office Home Office router

What additional authentication method does SFTP use to ensure the data is secure?

SSH Keys

What things should you consider when choosing a cellular connection? Select all the apply.

Number of devices that will have to use this connection method.
Amount of data you have available on your plan.

The amount of data that can be sent from one point to another in a certain period of time is known as ______.

Bandwidth

What does FTP stand for?

File Transfer Protocol

What is the slowest type of internet connection?

Dial-up

Place the following steps to configure your router in order.

After your router has been plugged in and you have power you will need to enter the routers default IP address into the address bar and press enter.
The routers sign in page will appear.
The settings page will appear.
Locate and select the save button to save your settings.

While a wired connection provides the maximum amount of speed for an internet connection, there are several drawbacks. Choose all the drawbacks of having a wired connection.

Lack of mobility.
Wired connections require additional network sockets.

What are some advantages of cloud computing? Select all the correct answers.

Amount of storage space.
Less cost than other forms of storage

What does HTTP stand for?

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

What are some advantages of using a local storage method?

Greater speed than cloud storage, and Greater access to files and control of data

What is the correct order for setting up a router?

Connect your router to your Internet Modem using an Ethernet cable.
Plug in the power cable for the wireless router.
Wait a few seconds to ensure power is on.

Before "cloud storage" was a popular way to
share information between people, what was
used to transfer large files?

FTP

What are some of the risks of using Peer to
Peer (P2P) sharing networks? Select all the
answers that apply.

Hidden download of Trojan horses.
Hidden download of computer viruses.
Hidden download of spyware.
Identity theft.

What works in conjunction with a secure
sockets layer (SSL) to ensure that data is
transported safely?

HTTPS

When browsing using certain browsers, if a
page is known to be malicious or using
phishing techniques in the past a browser may
display a before allowing you to move
forward.

Warning page

What service allows people to send text
messages with pictures and sounds from their
device to other devices?

Electronic mail

What allows browsers to retain the information
from the pages you previously visited which will
help make your web browsing experience even
faster?

Cache