Ch 2 Morion in one dimension A) Terms related ro motion

What are physical quantities?

Physical quantities are quantities that can be measured.

What are the classifications of physical quantities?

Physical quantities are classified as scalar and vector quantities. Scalar quantities have only magnitude. Vector quantities have magnitude and direction.

What are some examples of scalar and vector quantities?

Examples of scalar quantities include mass, length, time, and speed. Examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, force, and magnetic field.

What does it mean to be at rest?

A body is at rest when it does not change its position with respect to time and its surroundings.

What does it mean to be in motion?

A body is in motion if it changes its position with respect to time and its surroundings.

What is one dimensional motion?

One dimensional motion occurs when a body moves in a straight line. Two dimensional motion occurs when a body moves along a curved path. Three dimensional motion occurs when a body moves in space.

How can one dimensional motion be represented?

One dimensional motion can be represented by a straight line parallel to the x axis, if the x axis is taken as the direction of motion.

What is distance?

Distance is the total length of the path along which a body moves. Its SI unit is meters (m).

What is displacement?

Displacement is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of the body in a particular direction. Its SI unit is meters (m).

What are the differences between distance and displacement?

Distance is the length of the path traversed by an object in a certain time. It is a scalar quantity. It depends on the path followed by the object and is always positive. Distance can be more than or equal to the magnitude of displacement. It may not be zero even if displacement is zero.

Displacement is the distance traveled by an object in a specified direction in a certain time. It is a vector quantity. It does not depend on the path followed by the object and can be positive or negative. Its magnitude can be less than or equal to the distance. It is zero if distance is zero.

Can displacement be greater than distance?

No, displacement cannot be greater than distance.

What is speed?

Speed is the rate of change of distance with time. Its SI unit is meters per second (m/s).

What is velocity?

Velocity is the distance traveled per second by a body in a specific direction. Its SI unit is meters per second (m/s).

What is uniform speed?

A body is said to be moving with uniform speed if it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time throughout its motion.

What is instantaneous speed?

Instantaneous speed is the speed at one instant.

What is average speed?

Average speed is the ratio of the total distance traveled by the body to the total time of the journey.

What are the differences between speed and velocity?

Speed is the distance traveled per second by a moving object. It is a scalar quantity and does not tell us the direction of motion. Speed is always positive. After one round in a circular path, the average speed is not zero.

Velocity is the distance traveled per second by a moving object in a particular direction. It is a vector quantity. Velocity tells us the speed as well as the direction of motion. Velocity can be positive or negative. After completing each round in a circular path, the average velocity is zero.

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. Its SI unit is meters per second squared (m/s^2).

What is retardation?

Retardation is the rate of decrease of velocity with time. Its SI unit is meters per second squared (m/s^2).

What is uniform acceleration?

Acceleration is uniform when equal changes in velocity take place in equal intervals of time.

What is acceleration due to gravity?

Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration produced in a body when it falls freely under gravity due to Earth's gravitational attraction. It is denoted by g.

Does acceleration determine direction of motion?

The acceleration of a body does not determine its direction of motion, while the velocity determines its direction of motion. The sign of acceleration indicates whether the velocity is increasing or decreasing, whereas the sign of velocity