Recording-2025-03-03T16_37_14.315Z

King Henry VIII

The King of England known for having six wives and establishing the Anglican Church.

Anglican Church

The church established by King Henry VIII, marking a significant shift in English religious practice.

Puritans

Groups who left England seeking religious freedom, known for their pilgrimage to America.

Glorious Revolution

The bloodless overthrow of King James II of England, leading to the acceptance of William and Mary.

Thomas Hobbes

Philosopher who wrote 'Leviathan,' arguing that people are inherently bad and need a strong government to maintain order.

John Locke

Philosopher advocating for the protection of natural rights, such as life, liberty, and property.

Louis XIV

The absolute monarch of France known as the 'Sun King' who built the Palace of Versailles.

Palace of Versailles

Opulent palace built by Louis XIV, symbolizing royal power and extravagance.

Marie Antoinette

Queen of France and wife of Louis XVI, unpopular for her extravagant lifestyle amidst the people's suffering.

Estates General

A legislative assembly in France that had not been called for over 150 years until Louis XVI faced a financial crisis.

Reign of Terror

Period during the French Revolution characterized by mass executions led by Robespierre.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Military leader and emperor who spread revolutionary ideals across Europe through conquest.

Nationalism

A strong identification with and support for one's nation, often seeking independence or self-governance.

Simón Bolívar

Leader of the Latin American independence movement who sought to liberate South American countries.

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution who successfully revolted against colonial rule.

Social Darwinism

The belief that European nations were superior and justified in colonizing other regions for their benefit.

Opium War

Conflict between Britain and China over the trade of opium that resulted in British victory and territorial gains.

Meiji Restoration

Period of rapid modernization and industrialization in Japan, leading to its emergence as an imperial power.

Taiping Rebellion

Massive civil war in China led by peasants against the Qing dynasty due to socio-economic issues.

Boxer Rebellion

An uprising in China against foreign influence and intervention, ultimately failed but marked a significant resistance.

Republic

A form of government in which citizens elect representatives, established briefly in China after the Qing dynasty.