Apes study guide 11

FINAL ONE RAHHHH

Municipal solid waste

solid waste created by us consumers

Industrial solid waste

solid material discarded from buisnesses as a byproduct of manufacturing (scrap metal, coal ash, wood chips, excess plastic, construction debris)

Garbology

the study of what we do with waste

sanitary landfill

waste disposal facility designed to separate waste from the environment until its safe (after biological, chemical, and physical degradation)

Open dump

illegal, and unregulated waste disposal sight.

Lack of planning, soil coverage, and exposed waste to the elements

Hazardous waste

any waste that disposes a threat to human health, or the environment due to its physical, chemical, or biological properties

Certain household cleaning products, automotive fluids, old electronics, certain paints and solvents

radioactive waste

waste containing/emitting radioactive material

• contaminated clothing, paper, rags, ppe

E-waste

discarded electronics that have no further use

Integrated waste management

uses a variety of waste management, and waste reduction

• burying waste in sanitary landfills

• burning waste in mass incinerators

Refuse

dont use at all

Reduce

use les

Reuse

use over and over

Recycle

convert into useful matter

Composting

decomposing organic matter being broken down by microorganisms (veg scraps, coffee grounds, grass clippings, leafs, twigs)

Affuenza

negative psychological effects derived from the desire for over consumption, and wealth

Leachate

liquid formed when water percolates in solid waste

Love Canal

• partially dug canal used as a toxic waste dump

• 21,000 tons of waste burried there

• sold to local school board for $1

• schools, houses, community was built there

• residents began noticing health issues

• health issues caused by the toxic waste beneath them

Secure landfill

engineered site for the disposal of solid waste

designed to minimalize environmental impact, and protect public health

Brown field

previously developed site that has been used for industrial or commercial purposes that is now subject to be contaminated w/ hazardous substances

Incineration

The process of burning waste at high temperatures to potentially generate energy

Toxic Waste

Hazardous materials that when released into the environment can cause harm to public health, animals, and the ecosystem

Ocean disposal (dumping)

Dumping waste into the ocean

Deep-well disposal (injection)

Liquid waste is injected into deep, and isolated areas underground (typically below watershed)

Bioremediation

biological components (bacteria, and plants) to clean up environmental contaminants

Cradle-to-cradle

nothing is wasted, everything is reused

anything unusable should be degradable

Cradle-to-grave

manufacture → disposal

manufactures required to take back products to repair, re-manufacture, or recycle

CERCLA (the Superfund Act)

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation Liability Act

• laws and incentives encouraging brown field clean up

• CLEAN UP ENCOURAGMENT

RCRA

Resource Conversion Recovery Act

• EPA set standards and gives permits

• cradle → grave

• covers 50% of hazardous waste

waste management

decrease harm, not amount

waste reduction

decrease # of waste produced

centralized seperation

people payed to seperate msw from recyclables

distributed seperation

consumers seperate (blue, black, green bins)

composting

mimics natures nutrient cycle, increased nutrients, slow soil errosion, less in land fill

international basel convention

prevents transfering hazardous waste (not all e easte) from developed → developing countries