Physical Features of India

What are the major Physiographic Divisions of India

1. Himalayan Mountains

2. Northern Plains

3. Peninsular Plateau

4. Indian Desert

5. Coastal Plain

6. Islands

Which direction does the Himalayas Run

West-east

Distance of Himalayas

2400km

Width of Himalayas

400km in Kashmir - 150km in Arunachal Pradesh

What is the northern-most range know as?

Great Himalayas or Himadri

Average height of Himadri

6,000 metres

Which range contains the prominent peaks

Himadri Range

The tallest mountain and its height

Mount Evererst - 8848 metres

Tallest Mountain in India and it’s height

Kanchenjunga - 8598

The folds of the Great Himalayas are _______ in nature.

Asymmetrical

The core of the Himadri is composed of _______

Granite

Most rugged mountain system

Himachal or lesser Himalaya

Himachal Range is composed of _______

highly compressed and altered rocks

Altitude of himachal

3700 to 4500 km

Which is the longest Himachal Range

Pir Panjal

Prominent Ranges of the Himachals are ____

Pir Panjal , Dhaula Dhar and Mahabharat

Which range consists of famous valleys

Himachal Range

The _________ is well known for it’s hill stations

Himachal Range

Average width of Himachal Range

50km

Which are the famous valleys of Kashmir

Kangra and Kullu Valley

Where is Kangra and Kullu valley located in

Himachal Pradesh

What is the outermost range of the Himalayas

Shivaliks

Width of Shivaliks

10-50 Km

Alititude of Shivaliks

900 - 1100 metres

Shivaliks are composed of _____________

Uncosolidated sediments brought down by rivers from the main Himalayn ranges

Shivaliks valleys are covered with ____________

gravel and alluvium

What are Duns

The longitudinal valey lying between lesser Himalaya and Shivaliks

Examples of Duns

Dehra Dun . Kotli Dun . Patli Dun

Besides longitudnal Himalayas have also been divided on regions from _______ to ________

west to east

What is Punjab Himalaya

Part lying between Indus and Satluj

Punjab Himalayas are also known regionally as ______ and _______

Kashmir Himalayas and Himachal Himalayas

What is the Kumaon Himalayas

Part lying between Satluj and Kali rivers

What are the Nepal Himalays

Part lying between Kali and Teesta Rivers

What are the Assam Himalays

Part lying between Teesta and Dihang rivers

The _________ makes the eastern most boundary of the Himalayas

Brahmaputra

What is the Purvvachal

When the Himalayas sharply bend to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India

The purvanchal is composed of _______

Strong Sandstone

_________ run as parallel ranges and valleys

Purvachal

The purvanchal comprises of ___________ , ____________ , ______ and _________

Patkai hills , Naga Hills , Manipur Hills and Mizo Hills

Norther plains is formed by the interplay of _____ , _________ and ____________

Indus , Ganga , Brahmaputra

Area of Northern Plains

7 lakh sq. hm

Length of northern plain

2400km

Width of Northern Plain

240-320 km

What makes northern plain the agriculturally productive part of india

1. Rich Alluvial Soil

2. Adequate Water Supply

3. Favourable Climate

How are riverine islands formed

In the lower course due to the gentle slope the velocity of the river decreases resulting in the formation of riverine islands

Which is the largest inhibited riverine island in the world

Majuli

What is the punjab plans

the western part of the northern plins formed by Indus and its Tributaries

The larger part of ________ plain lies in Pakistan

Punjab Plain

Name the tributaries of the Indus

Jhelum , Chenab , Ravi , Beas and Satluj

Etomology of doab

‘do’ meaning two and ‘ab’ meaning water

Etomology of Punjab

‘punj’ meaning five and ‘ab’ meaning water

_________________ plain is dominated by the doabs

Punjab Plain

Ganga plain extends between ____________ and ______ rivers

Ghaggar and Teesta

Which states is ganga plain spread over

Haryana , Delhi , UP , Bihar and parts of Jharkhand and West Bengal

Where does the Brahmaputra Plain lie

In the east particularly in Assam

How many divisons of plains are there based on relief features

4

What is bhabar

The rivers descending from the mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow belt of 8 to 16km inwidth lying parallel to the slopes of the Shivaliks

All streams dissappear under ______

bhabar belt

What is terai

Part of northern plain where the streams and rivers re emerge and reate a wet swampy and marshy region

______________ region’s forest was cleared to create agricultural land and for migrants from Pakista

Terrai

Which region of northern plain is full of wildlife

Terai

The largest part of the northern plain is formed of _______ ________

older alluvium

Which is the largest section of northern plain based on relief

Bhangar

What is the bhangar

Part of the northern plain that lies above the floodplains of the rivers and presents a terrace like feature

What is kankar

The calcareous depists in the soil in the bhangar region

___________ relief of northern plain is ideal for agriculture

Khadar

What is khadar

Part of the northern plain that makes newer , younger deposts of the floodplains which renew soild every year

Why are distributaries formed

Due to the deposition of salt

The __________________ National Park is in the terai region

Dudhwa National Park

The Peninsular plature is composed of ________

old crystalline , igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Why was Peninsular Plateau formed

It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwana Land

___________ is the oldest and most stable langmases

The Peninsular Plateau

What are the two broad divisions of the Peninsular Platue

Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau

The part of the Peninsular plateau lying north of _____ river is known as ______________

Narmada River , Central Highlands

The _________ range is the prominent range in the central highlands

Vidhyan Range

The Vindhyan range is bounded by the ____________ on south and ___________ on northwest

Satpura Range , Aravalis

Direction of river flow in Central highlands

Southwest to norteast (also the slope of the highlands)

The Central highlands are wider in the ____________ and narrower in the __________

West , East

The eastward extensions of the Central Highlands is known as ________________ and _____________

Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand

Chotanagpur Plateau is marked by the eastward extension dranied by the ________ river

Damodar River

__________________ is a triangular landmass that lies to south of river Narmada

The Deccan Plateau

The mountain range of _______ flanks the broad base of Deccan Platue

Satpura

Which hills form the eastern extensions of the Deccan plateau

Mahadev Hills , Kaimur Hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions

The Deccan plateau is higher in the _________ and slopes gently ________

West , East

What are the northeast extensions of the Deccan Platue

Meghalaya , Karbi - Anglong Plateau and North Cachar Hills

What are the 3 prominent hill ranges of the deccan plataeu

Garo , Khasi , Jaintia Hills

The ___________ and _______ mark the edges of the Deccan Plateau

Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats

Which are the Ghats in the Western Ghats

Thal , Bhor and Pal Ghats

The Western ghats are - (higher/lower) than the Eastern Ghats. Their average elevation is _______ compared to _________ of Eastern Ghats

Higher , 900-1600 metres , 600 metres

The rivers of the Eastern Ghats drain into _________

Bay of Bengal

Western ghats cause ________ rain

Orographic Rain

HIGHEST peak of Western Ghats

Anai Mudi (2695m) , Doda Betta (2637) a

Highest peak of Eastern Ghats

Mahendragiri (1501m)

Udagamandalam is a _______ also known as ________

Hill station , Ooty and Kodaikanal

What is the Deccan Trap

The area with black soil and is of volcanic origin.

Where do the Aravali Hills Lie

Northwestern margins of the Peninsular Plateau

What is extent of Aravli Hills

Gujarat to Delhi

Diretion of Aravali Hills

Southwest - Northeast direction

Rainfall in Indian Desert

150mm per year

Describe the climate of the Indian Desert

It has very low rainfall , arid climate with low vegetation. Streams only appears during rainy season and dissapear as they do not have enough water to reach the sea