PHS Spring Final 2025 Study Guide

Self-actualization

Personal growth, reaching full potential.

Esteem

Respect, achievement, self-esteem.

Love/belonging

Relationships, friends/family.

Safety

Security, health, employment.

Physiological

Food, shelter, sleep.

Therapeutic

Treat patients.

Diagnostic

Identify diseases/injuries.

Health informatics

Manage patient data.

Biotech R&D

Research disease and treatment.

Negligence

Failure to provide expected care.

Ethics

Moral principles in healthcare.

Defamation

Damaging someone’s reputation.

DNR (Do Not Resuscitate)

Do not resuscitate order.

Palliative care

Comfort care for chronic/terminal illness.

Slander

Spoken defamation.

Libel

Written defamation.

Therapeutic diet

Modified diet for health reasons.

Osteoporosis

Weak, brittle bones.

Arthritis

Joint inflammation.

Glaucoma

Increased eye pressure causing vision loss.

Nocturia

Urinating at night.

Emphysema

Damaged lung air sacs.

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing.

Deductible

Amount paid before insurance covers costs.

Copayment

Set fee per medical service.

Premium

Monthly cost of insurance.

Coinsurance

Shared cost between insurer and insured.

Living will

Documents wishes for end-of-life care.

Medical power of attorney

Designated someone to make healthcare decisions.

Digestion

Break food down.

Absorption

Moves nutrients in the body.

Metabolism

Uses nutrients for energy and growth.

Interpreter

Legally mandated for non-English speaking persons during a contract.

Long-term care facility

For elderly, physically or mentally disabled, and individuals with chronic illnesses.

Home healthcare

Care provided at a patient's home.

Emergency care services

Care for accidents or sudden illnesses.

Industrial health centers

Healthcare for employees.

Hospice agencies

Care for terminally ill, offering palliative care.

CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

U.S. agency focused on disease control and prevention.

WHO (World Health Organization)

Global health policies and epidemic response.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Workplace safety regulations.

FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

Regulates food, drugs, and medical devices.

Medicaid

Serves low-income individuals and families.

Medicare

Serves individuals aged 65 and older and some younger individuals with disabilities.

Tricare

Serves military members and families.

CHIP (Children’s Health Insurance Program)

Serves children and some pregnant women in modest-income families.

Military time

Time notation from 0000 to 2359.

Roman Numerals

Numerical notation system using I, V, X, L.

Denial

First stage of grief.

Anger

Second stage of grief.

Bargaining

Third stage of grief.

Depression

Fourth stage of grief.

Acceptance

Fifth stage of grief.

Infancy

Stage marked by rapid growth and basic motor skills.

Early childhood

Stage marked by language development and independence.

Late childhood

Stage marked by reasoning and social development.

Adolescence

Stage marked by identity formation and puberty.

Early adulthood

Stage focusing on career and relationships.

Middle adulthood

Stage focused on family and productivity.

Late adulthood

Stage marked by reflection and physical decline.

Legal disability

Includes minors, mentally incompetent individuals, those under influence, and unconscious persons.

FDA regulated claims

Labeling terms used on food products that describe nutrient levels.

Justice

Fairness in ethical principles.

Autonomy

Patients’ right to choose.

Beneficence

Doing good for others.

Nonmaleficence

Do no harm.

Organizational charts

Show chain of command and roles within healthcare facilities.

HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

Protects patient privacy and health information.

Patient chart error correction

Draw one line, write 'error', initials, and correct info nearby - never erase.