EXERCISE IV (Differential Stains)

Gram staining

Identify the test.

Hucker’s method

What method is used in this test?

Primary Staining

What is the name of the step using pointed solution (Crystal violet)?

Mordant

What is the name of the step using pointed solution (Gram’s Iodine)?

Decolorization / Differentiation

What is the name of the step using pointed solution (Acetone alcohol)?

Counterstaining  / Secondary staining

What is the name of the step using pointed solution (Safranin)?

Crystal violet

Name the pointed solution/reagent (Violet)

Gram’s iodine

Name the pointed solution/reagent (Brown)

Acetone alcohol

Name the pointed solution/reagent (Colorless)

Safranin

Name the pointed solution/reagent (Red)

Primary Stain

What is the function of the pointed solution (Crystal violet)?

Mordant

What is the function of the pointed solution (Gram’s iodine)?

Decolorizer/ Differentiator

What is the function of the pointed solution (Acetone Alcohol)?

Counterstain/ Secondary stain

What is the function of the pointed solution (Safranin)?

1 minute

Duration for Crystal Violet

1 minute

Duration for Gram’s Iodine

5 seconds

Duration for Acetone alcohol

45 seconds

Duration for Safranin

Gentian violet

Alternative solution/reagent for crystal violet

Gram’s iodine

What reagent intensifies the color of the primary stain to the cell wall of the organism?

Crystal violet-iodine complex

What large molecule is formed in the cell wall of gram-positive organisms responsible for its color appearance under the microscope?

Concentric circles

What is the smearing technique used in this test?

Air drying

Step of gram staining that preserve the morphology in slide

Heat fixation

What is the most critical step in this staining?

Thick peptidoglycan layer with teichoic acid

What is responsible for the staining reaction of gram-positive organisms?

Thin peptidoglycan layer with lipopolysaccharide

What is responsible for the staining reaction of gram-negative organisms?

lipopolysaccharides

What is the primary component in the cell wall of the organisms taking up safranin for its color appearance under gram staining

Disaccharides and amino acids

What is the composition/substance of gram-positive cell wall?

Polysaccharides and lipids

What is the composition/substance of gram-negative cell wall

Thin peptidoglycan layer

What is the inner layer of gram-negative organism

gram-positive

Which one is more easy to treat

Ziehl-Neelsen Method

Carbolfuchsin, heat, acid alcohol, methylene blue

Identify the method in this staining test

Lipid barrier principle

What is the principle of the above test?

Non-acid-fast organisms

What group of organisms will reveal a staining reaction labeled X?

Air drying

What critical step in Gram staining preserves the morphology of the cells?

Heat fixation

What is the critical step in Gram staining that causes the smear to permanently adhere to the slide?

Frosted side

Bacterial Smear

Frosted edge

Informations/ Label (pero sa quiz mao ni answer bacterial smear daw crazy)