aristotles 9 wahtever

The protagonist should be “nobel stature”—that is, a member of the upper class.

Important so that the behavior is public knowledge.

The protagonist should be a fundamentally admirable person

Because the audience will sympathize with a good person. The Greeks admired ethical purity, emotional self control, moderation in personal habits, and absolute devotion to one’s gods, nation, and family.

The protagonist must commit “hamartia” —error in judgement

He or she breaks a moral law or ignored a gods warning, for example, thus bringing about personal destruction. This error is usually caused by a “tragic flaw.” Sometimes this flawed personality trait was hubris (arrogance or excessive pride)

The protagonist must suffer “peripeteia” —a reversal of circumstances.

He or she starts out happy and prosperous but eventually experiences misery and downfall.

Protagonist must experience “anagnorisis” —the discovery or realization of the truth.

Protagonist can then take personal responsibility for mistakes.

Protagonist’s tragic flaw brings out extreme punishment

Thus, audience feels pity.

Events must follow a chronological sequence

So its clear each event or decision led to the next.

Tragedy must be written in grand style.

Language must be so serious and impressive so then the audience recognizes its importance.

Tragedy must provide “catharsis” —a satisfied feeling

After terror a pity, the spectator should feel that order has been restored and there is hope for the future.