Chemistry- Chapter 9 Molecular Geometry and Bonding theories

2 electron domains, 0 non-bonding pairs

linear

3 electron domains, 0 nonbonding pairs

trigonal planar

3 electron domains, 1 nonbonding

Bent

4 electron domains, 0 nonbonding

tetrahedral

4 electron domains, 1 nonbonding

trigonal pyrimidal

4 electron domains, 2 non-bonding

bent

5 electron domains, 0 nonbonding

trigonal bipyrimidal

5 electron domains, 1 nonbonding

seesaw

5 electron domains, 2 non-bonding

t-shaped

5 electron domains, 3 nonbonding

linear

linear angle

180

normal trigonal planar angles

120

normal tetrahedral angle

109.5

normal trigonal bipyramidal angles

120, 90

normal octahedral angle

90

VSEPR theory

electrons will try to get as far away from each other as possible

bond angles adjacent to double or triple bonds

greater than 120

bond angles adjacent to lone pairs

less than 109.5

positions in trigonal bipyramidal domains

Axial-polar regions, equitorial- middle/side

a nonpolar molecule

equal and opposite

linear polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

bent polar or nonpolar

polar

trigonal planar polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

trigonal bipyramidal polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

T-shape plar or nonpolar

polar

Tetrahedral polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

square planar polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

see-saw polar or nonpolar

polar

trigonal pyramidal polar or nonpolar

polar

square pyramidal polar or nonpolar

polar

octahedral polar or nonpolar

nonpolar

sp

linear

sp²

trigonal planar

sp³

tetrahedral

sp³d

trigonal bipyramidal

sp³d²

octahedral

all single bonds are

sigma bonds

multiple bonds have

1 sigma, rest pi

sigma

along the internuclear axis

pi

perpendicular to the internuclear axis

localized

sigma

delocalized

pi

what happens to the shapes in hybridization

they mix

6 domains, 0 non-bonding

octahedral

6 domains, 1 nonbonding

square pyramidal

6 domains, 2 nonbonding

square planar