Tech 3 Unit 6: Gastrointestinal System

Which of the following is considered to be a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

H. pylori is usually treated with:

Antibiotics and PPIs

Which of the following medications is a Schedule V (C-V) controlled substance medication?

Lomotil

-prazole is the common generic ending for:

Antifungals & Proton Pump Inhibitors

Bile is produced by the:

In the liver and stored in the gall bladder

What is the purpose of an ostomy?

to allow wastes such as urine or stool to be expelled through the stoma

Which of the following is true of enemas?

Encourage the patient to take deep breaths through the mouth to help them relax.

What is the key to bladder and bowel training success?

a routine

One difference between Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis is:

Ulcerative colitis is limited to the colon while Crohn's disease can occur anywhere between the mouth and the anus.

Proteins in food are broken down in the GI system to:

Proteins are broken down into peptides - first by pepsin, then by trypsin and chymotrypsin from
pancreas

What does it mean to "force fluids?"

To remind the patient to drink each time you are in the room

What is the term that means a person is unable to predict and control elimination?

incontinent

5-Aminosalicylates such as Azulfidine and Rowasa are approved for use in the treatment of:

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease

How long after a meal should a patient remain in an upright position?

1 hour

The gallbladder releases:

Bile to aid in the dispersion of fats

OTC antiemetics that do not affect the chemoreceptor trigger zone are commonly used for:

Motion sickness

At the end of breakfast, you notice that Rhonda did not drink any of her milk. She says she does not like milk because it upsets her stomach. What should you do?

Ask Rhonda if she would like a different beverage, and then check with the dietary department

About how long does food stay in the stomach?

1 - 4 hours

Adalimumab (Humira) for the treatment of Crohn disease is a(an):

immunosuppressive

subcutaneous anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)

Which of the following is an antidiarrheal medication?

Loperamide (Imodium). Bismuth subsalicylate (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol), Fibercon, Lomotil

Which of these disorders is an open sore on the lining of the digestive tract?

ulcer

Which of these terms refer to a group of conditions whose symptoms include chronic diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and blood in the stool?

IBS/IBD

The generic name for Pepcid is:

famotidine

Use of which of the following medications can contribute to the development of ulcers?

NSAIDs

Taking certain other medications along with NSAIDs , such as steroids, anticoagulants, low-dose aspirin, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), alendronate (Fosamax) and risedronate (Actonel), can greatly increase the chance of developing ulcers.

What is the name of the bacteria that live in the large intestine and help to form feces out of the waste material?

E. coli

Which of these organs stores the bile from the liver until it is needed in the small intestine?

Gallbladder

The organs most involved in the absorption of nutrients are:

Small Intestine

What is the valve that controls the entrance to the stomach and prevents backflow to the esophagus?

cardiac sphincter

What is the primary danger of untreated diarrhea?

Dehydration from fluid and electrolyte loss

All of the following are functions of the GI system except:

distribution

In which of these eating disorders does a person refuse to eat because of an unrealistic fear of weight gain?

anorexia nervosa

What is the name for food that has been chewed and mixed with saliva?

Bolus

Helicobacter pylori is one cause of:

peptic ulcers

Conditions of the GI that can be attributed to or exacerbated by hyperacidity include all of the following except:

constipation

When does the physical breakdown of food begin?

When the teeth chew and grind the food

Which of these disorders occurs when the colon absorbs too much water from the feces, making them dry and hard and difficult to eliminate?

constipation

The acidity of the stomach is an important consideration in medication administration because:

1. acid deactivates some medications
2. acid-reducing medications may affect the absorption of other medications
3. some medications require an acidic environment for proper absorption

Auxiliary organs of the digestive system include all except the:

appendix

Where does most of the water from ingested food get absorbed back into the bloodstream?

large intestine

Which of these eating disorders involves binging on large amounts of food followed by purging in an attempt to avoid weight gain?

bulimia nervosa

Lotronex is only indicated for use in:

Women and long-term diarrhea as a result of IBS

Where do most of the digestive products pass into the bloodstream?

small intestine

Peristalsis occurs in the:

Smooth muscles of the digestive tract

What measurement helps determine a patient's level of obesity?

BMI

Which type of laxative can lead to physical dependence?

stimulants

Bulk-forming agents are used for:

constipation and diarrhea

When does the chemical breakdown of food begin?

When saliva is mixed with the food

Which of the following is true of all eating disorders?

Patients have a distorted view of body weight and food

Because metoclopramide (Reglan) for nausea and vomiting antagonizes dopamine receptors, it:

cannot be used in patients with Parkinson disease AND carries a risk of tardive dyskinesias

What is the slow, wavelike contraction that moves food through the digestive system?

peristalsis

Agents that decrease the production of acid in the stomach include:

PPIs and H2-antagonists

Which ingredient helps control flatulence?

simethicone

If a person weighs 250 pounds when his or her ideal weight is 150 pounds, which of these conditions applies to the situation?

obese

Which of these organs breaks down toxins?

liver

Risk factors for GERD include:

obesity, smoking, pregnancy

The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) can be activated by:

1. smell, pain, and motion
2. emotion
3. chemotherapeutic agents

Which of the following side effects of Lotronex warrants a boxed warning?

ischemic colitis

What keeps food from entering the nasal cavity during swallowing?

uvula