Enzymes, Enzymes - Biology
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Last updated 9:41 AM on 11/10/22
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24 Terms
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What are enzymes?
They serve as catalysts - speed up or slow down chemical reactions in the body
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Enzymes are made of __________.
proteins
3
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How do enzymes catalyse reactions?
They lower the activation energy - they DONT increase amount of product, just the speed at which it is produced.
4
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What happens if an enzyme isn't present for a reaction?
The product will be the same, but the reaction would have been quicker if the enzyme was present
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What happens if an enzyme is denatured?
It's structure will change and function is lost. They cannot be fixed.
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What does high temperature do to enzymes?
After optimum temp, the enzyme will denature and lose its function.
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What does low temperature do to enzymes?
Enzymes & substrates collide less often. Reaction rate is slower.
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Lots of active sites and few substrates present is caused from ______________________
High enzyme concentration
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Low substrate concentration does what to the reaction?
Lots of active sites and few substrates causes reaction to speed up
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High substrate concentration and few active sights causes the reaction to be what?
Few active sites and more substrates causes reaction to be slower
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A high/low pH causes enzymes to ____________
Denauture
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Activation Energy
The amount of energy needed to start a reaction
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What is a substrate?
The reactants of a chemical reaction that fit in the active site of the enzyme.
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How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
By lowering the activation energy
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What is the function of catalysts
Speed up chemical reactions
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What is lactase
An enzyme that breaks down lactose.
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What is lactose?
A disaccacharide found in milk - substrate that fits in the active site of lactase.
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What is sucrose?
A disaccharide found in table sugar - substrate that fits in the active site of sucrase.
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What is sucrase?
An enzyme that breaks down sucrose.
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Factors that affect Enzyme Activity
pH, temperature, and concentration of enzyme or substrate
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Where is the active site?
Specific part of an enzyme where a substrate fits
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Lock and Key Model
Enzymes and substrates fit together based on their specific shapes like a key fits a lock
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Optimal temperature
Temperature at which enzyme works the best
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Denature
Change in shape of an enzyme due to extremes in temperature of pH, causes the enzymes to stop functioning
Note 
Flashcards (49)