EM- Church Case Study

EM- Church Case Study

how was the church important from 1000-1500

• clergy most educated members of a community

• churches and cathedrals largest buildings in most villages

• everyone believed in Catholicism so everyone believed in what the church had to say

• owned 1/5 of the country's wealth and collected a tenth of all earnings in church taxes

how was the church involved in crime and punishment

• trial by ordeal

• church courts

• benefit of clergy

• sanctuary

when was trial by ordeal used

provided an outcome if a local jury couldn't reach a verdict

when was trial by ordeal abolished

1216

how did trial by ordeal show the churches power

they administered these trials and these trials were based on the idea of Gods judgement

who abolished trial by ordeal

the pope; he ordered that priests should stop helping organise the trial

did TBO help or hinder justice and why

HINDER; ineffective, convicts the wrong people and doesn't deter people from crime as they could walk away free

what is trial by jury

group of 12 men who observed the trial and decided whether the accused was guilty or innocent at the end

how is trial by ordeal significant

still used today; lasting change

who set up church courts and why

William I; to deal with moral offences

who were tried in church courts

churchmen (e.g. priests)

who were in charge of church courts

bishops

who wanted to limit church courts power and how did he try to do it

• Henry II concerned they challenged his power and undermined him

• king and bishops met at Council of Clarendon

what is the constitution of clarendon

agreement of the relationship between church laws and the kings laws

did church courts help or hinder justice and why

• HELPED: aids the overall system by providing more courts and alternative opinions as to punishments

• king and bishops met at Council of Clarendon

negatives about church courts

more lenient so some may try to abuse the system

what is benefit of the clergy

members of the clergy were abled to be tried in the more lenient church courts

why was benefit of the clergy a reason for Henry II's dispute

power struggle as to how far the kings authority could be imposed on members of the clergy tried for a crime

how was benefit of the clergy abused

many people other than priests used it to escape tougher punishment

what was the test to get benefit of the clergy

had to read Psalm 51

how did people abuse psalm 51

they memorised it and repeated it to gain benefit of the clergy

did benefit of the clergy help or hinder justice and why

• HINDERED: many criminals able to escape retribution; only harms the justice system

• clergymen shouldn't get special treatment and trials

what is sanctuary

criminals could go and ask for help of clergy, and were able to stay there and given the chance to swear an oath agreeing to leave the country in 40 days instead of going to court

what happened if you didn't leave the country in this time

outlawed

when was sanctuary ended and by who

1536- Henry VIII

did sanctuary help or hinder justice and why

• HELPED: provided a fair route to those deserving of freedom

• HINDERED: not fair for people to escape the law; clergy the only ones judging, not someone appointed fairly by the king; system could be abused

HINDERED: not fair for people to escape the law; clergy the only ones judging, not someone appointed fairly by the king; system could be abused